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Estrategias para el despistaje de la HTA secundaria / Strategies for screening of secondary high blood pressure
Giner Galvañ, V; Esteban Giner, M. J.
Affiliation
  • Giner Galvañ, V; Hospital Virgen de los Lirios. Alicante. España
  • Esteban Giner, M. J; Hospital Virgen de los Lirios. Alicante. España
Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 23(9): 284-297, dic. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050093
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN
La HTA secundaria (HTAs) es una entidad infrecuente en la población hipertensa general y, en contra de la idea generalizada, con tasas de reversibilidad bajas, lo que a menudo se relaciona con el diagnóstico y tratamiento tardío de la entidad etiológica. La potencial reversibilidad en estadios tempranos y la mayor morbimortalidad consecuencia de la elevación tensional mantenida justifican su despistaje, si bien el elevado coste económico derivado y el gran número de etiologías a considerar hacen que deba restringirse la búsqueda a pacientes con riesgo HTA refractaria, HTA con importante daño orgánico, HTA iniciada en edades extremas de la vida o con empeoramiento de su control sin causa aparente. Es muy escasa la información contrastada que permita establecer algoritmos definitivos para el despistaje de la HTAs. Siempre deberá prevalecer el sentido común y la accesibilidad a las pruebas en el medio clínico concreto donde nos desenvolvamos. La búsqueda debe centrarse en las formas más prevalentes y con mayor potencial de reversibilidad toma de sustancias presoras o que interaccionan con fármacos antihipertensivos, la enfermedad renal crónica, enfermedades endocrinológicas y síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño. Para la acotación de la búsqueda ayuda considerar el grupo de edad del paciente concreto y la búsqueda activa de rasgos clínicos y/o analíticos específicos. El adecuado despistaje de la HTAs en definitiva requiere de nuestra capacidad de visión global del proceso hipertensivo, así como de mucho sentido común en la elección de las exploraciones a realizar
ABSTRACT
Secondary high blood pressure (HB) is an uncommon entity in the general hypertensive population. On the contrary to the generalized idea, it has low reversibility rates, which is often related with the late diagnosis and treatment of the etiological entity. The reversibility potential in early stages and greater morbidity-mortality as a result of the maintained tensional elevation justify its screening. However, the elevated financial cost derived and large number of etiologies to be considered require restricting the search to patients at risk refractory HBP, HBP with significant organic damage, HBP initiated in extreme ages of life or with worsening of its control without apparent cause. Contrasted information making it possible to establish definitive algorithms for screening of HBPs is very limited. Common sense and accessibility to the tests in the specific clinical setting where we work should always prevail. The search should be centered on more prevalent forms and with greater reversibility potential using pressor substances or those that interact with antihypertensive drugs, chronic kidney disease, endocrinological diseases and COPDs. When limiting the search, it is helpful to consider the age group of the patient considered and the active search of specific clinical and/or analytic traits. Adequate screening of HBPs finally require us to have capacity to obtain a global view of the hypertensive condition and to use much common sense in the choice of the examinations to be made
Subject(s)
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Health problem: Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Arterial Hypertension / Cardiovascular Disease / Chronic Kidney Disease / Endocrine System Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Pheochromocytoma / Cushing Syndrome / Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Hyperaldosteronism / Hypertension Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Health technology assessment / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Virgen de los Lirios/España
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Health problem: Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Arterial Hypertension / Cardiovascular Disease / Chronic Kidney Disease / Endocrine System Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Pheochromocytoma / Cushing Syndrome / Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Hyperaldosteronism / Hypertension Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Health technology assessment / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Virgen de los Lirios/España
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