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Hábito tabáquico y diabetes mellitus / Smoking and diabetes mellitus
López-Guzmán, A; Lozano Alonso, J. E; Álvarez Escolá, C; Andía, V. M; Fraile, A. L.
Affiliation
  • López-Guzmán, A; Complejo Hospitalario de Ávila. Ávila. España
  • Lozano Alonso, J. E; Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Sanidad. Valladolid. España
  • Álvarez Escolá, C; Hospital «La Paz». Madrid. España
  • Andía, V. M; Complejo Hospitalario de Ávila. Ávila. España
  • Fraile, A. L; Complejo Hospitalario de Ávila. Ávila. España
Av. diabetol ; 22(3): 223-227, jul.-sept. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050117
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN

Introducción:

El riesgo cardiovascular del individuo diabético se duplica en pacientes fumadores respecto a los no fumadores. Además, el tabaquismo aumenta el riesgo de aparición y deterioro de complicaciones microvasculares. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la prevalencia del tabaquismo y algunas características del hábito de fumar en la población diabética de nuestro medio. Pacientes y

métodos:

Se incluyeron en el estudio 806 individuos diabéticos. Los pacientes se clasificaron en diabetes tipo 1 (n= 70), tipo 2 (n= 674), gestacional (n= 36) y otras diabetes (n= 26). Además, se consideró el lugar de residencia de los pacientes (urbano/rural). En los pacientes que fumaban, se determinó el grado de dependencia al tabaco mediante el test de Fagerström.

Resultados:

Ciento diez pacientes (13,6%) fumaban, mientras que los 696 restantes (86,4%) no fumaban. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de fumadores en el grupo de diabetes tipo 1 (38,6%) respecto a los grupos de tipo 2 (10,5%) y gestacional (11,1%). También se encontraron diferencias en el porcentaje de varones fumadores (24,1%) respecto al de mujeres fumadoras (6,8%), así como en el de fumadores que residían en área urbana (18,1%) respecto a los que vivían en el medio rural (11,6%). En el grupo de fumadores, un 33,3% tenía una alta dependencia del tabaco, mientras que el 48,5% presentaba una dependencia moderada y el 18,2% restante una baja dependencia.

Conclusiones:

Estos resultados demuestran que un porcentaje considerable de individuos diabéticos fuma, en especial en los grupos de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y otras diabetes. El sexo masculino, junto con la residencia en área urbana, constituyen factores que predisponen al hábito de fumar. El hecho de que sólo uno de cada tres diabéticos fumadores tenga una alta dependencia a la nicotina sugiere que los programas encaminados a la deshabituación tabáquica podrían tener un notable éxito
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes is two-fold higher among smokers as compared to non-smokers. Moreover, smoking increases the risk of the development and deterioration of microvascular complications. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking and several characteristics of the smoking habit among diabetics in our patient population. Patients and

methods:

Eight hundred and six diabetic subjects were included in the study. The patients were classified as type 1 (n= 70), type 2 (n= 674), gestational (n= 36) and other variants (n= 26). Moreover, the place of residence of the patients (urbal/rural) was considered. In the group of smokers, the degree of nicotine dependence was determined by means of the Fagerström test.

Results:

One hundred and ten patients (13.6%) were smokers, while the remaining 696 (86.4%) were non-smokers. Significant differences were observed in the percentage of smokers among the patients with type 1 diabetes (38.6%) with respect to those with type 2 (10.5%) and gestational (11.1%) diabetes. Moreover, statistically significant differences were observed between the percentage of male smokers (24.1%) as compared to female smokers (6.8%) and between the percentage of urban smokers (18.1%) as compared to those living in rural areas (11.6%). Among the smokers, 33.3% had a strong dependence on nicotine, while 48.5% had a moderate dependence and the remaining 18.2% had a slight dependence.

Conclusions:

These results show that a substantial percentage of individuals with diabetes are smokers, especially in the group of patients with type 1 diabetes and other variants. Male sex and an urban setting are factors that predispose to the smoking habit. The finding that only a third of the diabetic smokers were strongly dependent on nicotine suggests that the programs focusing on smoking cessation could be highly successful
Subject(s)
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3A Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Protection from Exposure / Target 3.5: Prevention and treatment of consumption of psychoactive substances Database: IBECS Main subject: Tobacco Use Disorder / Diabetes Mellitus Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Av. diabetol Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Complejo Hospitalario de Ávila/España / Hospital «La Paz»/España / Junta de Castilla y León/España
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3A Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Protection from Exposure / Target 3.5: Prevention and treatment of consumption of psychoactive substances Database: IBECS Main subject: Tobacco Use Disorder / Diabetes Mellitus Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: Av. diabetol Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Complejo Hospitalario de Ávila/España / Hospital «La Paz»/España / Junta de Castilla y León/España
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