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¿Tenemos en cuenta el nivel de riesgo de los pacientes para prescribir la vacuna antineumocócica? / Do family physicians consider the risk
Vila, A; Ochoa, O; Ester, F; Noguera, I; Saún, N.
Affiliation
  • Vila, A; Institut Català de la Salut. Tarragona. España
  • Ochoa, O; Institut Català de la Salut. Tarragona. España
  • Ester, F; Institut Català de la Salut. Tarragona. España
  • Noguera, I; Institut Català de la Salut. Tarragona. España
  • Saún, N; Institut Català de la Salut. Tarragona. España
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.) ; 32(9): 433-436, nov. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050331
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN. Aunque la actual vacuna antineumocócica 23-valente (VAN-23s) está disponible desde los años ochenta, está resultando difícil alcanzar altas coberturas en las diferentes poblaciones diana. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer el grado de implementación de la recomendación de la VAN-23s y evaluar las tasas de vacunación antineumocócica entre la población mayor de 65 años en función de la presencia de patologías o factores de riesgo para padecer neumonía. MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional transversal, en el que se analizaron 11.241 personas mayores de 65 años adscritas a 8 centros de Atención Primaria de Tarragona-Valls. Mediante revisión de historias clínicas informatizadas y del registro informático de vacunaciones, se valoró en cada paciente si había recibido la VAN-23s, así como la presencia de enfermedades o factores de riesgo para sufrir neumonía. RESULTADOS. La cobertura vacunal global fue 44,4% (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95% 43,9-44,9). El 63,2% del total de vacunaciones antineumocócicas se había administrado durante los meses de octubre o noviembre. Las coberturas variaban significativamente con la edad (p < 0,001), partiendo desde una cobertura mínima en 65-70 años (28,9%), ascendiendo progresivamente hasta una cobertura máxima en las personas de 80-84 años (56,7%) y decreciendo posteriormente en las edades más avanzadas. Las coberturas más altas se observaron en pacientes con neoplasia activa (56,7%), nefropatía crónica (55,3%) o enfermedad pulmonar crónica (54,2%), y la más baja en fumadores (38,9%). CONCLUSIONES. A pesar de una cobertura global aceptable, existen amplias bolsas de pacientes con alto riesgo de sufrir neumonía que no han recibido la vacuna antineumocócica
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION. Although the current 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV) has been available since the 1980's, it is proving difficult to achieve high rates of coverage in the different target populations. This study aimed to know the degree of implementation of the PPV recommendation and evaluate the antipneumococcal vaccination among the population over 65 years based on the presence of diseases or risk factors to suffer pneumonia. METHODS. Cross-sectional, observational study that analyzed 11241 persons over 65 years assigned to 8 Primary Care Centers of Tarragona-Valls. Using the electronic database of the clinical patient's records and computer vaccination registries, it was evaluated in each patient if they had been administered the PPV and the presence of diseases or risk factors to suffer pneumonia. RESULTS. Overall pneumococcal vaccine coverage was 44.4% (95% IC 43.9-44.9). A total of 63.2% of the antipneumococcal vaccinations had been administered during the months of October and November. Coverage varied significantly with age (p < 0.001), beginning from a minimum coverage at 65-70 years (28.9%), and progressively increasing until a maximum coverage in those of 80-84 years (56.7%) and then decreasing in the more advanced ages. The highest coverage was observed in patients with active malignancy (56.7%), chronic nephropathy (55.3%) or chronic pulmonary disease (54.2%) and the lowest in smokers (38.9%). CONCLUSIONS. In spite of an acceptable global coverage, there are large groups of patients with high risk of suffering pneumonia who are not administered the antipneumococcal vaccination
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.3 End transmission of communicable diseases Health problem: Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Pneumonia Database: IBECS Main subject: Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Vaccination / Risk Assessment / Pneumococcal Vaccines Type of study: Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: Spanish Journal: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Institut Català de la Salut/España
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.3 End transmission of communicable diseases Health problem: Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / Pneumonia Database: IBECS Main subject: Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Vaccination / Risk Assessment / Pneumococcal Vaccines Type of study: Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: Spanish Journal: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2006 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Institut Català de la Salut/España
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