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Competencia del estudiante de medicina para respetar las creencias y la cultura del paciente / Racial stereotyping and cultural competence: improving medical education
Soler-González, Jorge; Rodríguez-Rosich, Antoni; Marsal-Mora, Josep Ramon.
Affiliation
  • Soler-González, Jorge; Universitat de Lleida. Facultad de Medicina. Lleida. España
  • Rodríguez-Rosich, Antoni; Universitat de Lleida. Facultad de Medicina. Lleida. España
  • Marsal-Mora, Josep Ramon; Universitat de Lleida. Facultad de Medicina. Lleida. España
FEM (Ed. impr.) ; 17(2): 69-74, jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-124963
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN

Introducción:

Las desigualdades en salud son injustas, innecesarias y evitables. La etapa de educación médica del grado es una oportunidad ideal para reflexionar en las prácticas y poder desarrollar habilidades y actitudes médicas basadas en el respeto, la equidad y la ecuanimidad de los futuros profesionales de la salud. Aprovechando la mejora del plan de estudios de nuestra facultad, diseñamos el presente estudio para comprobar si los estudiantes de medicina propondrían diferentes enfoques de la gestión del mismo hipotético caso clínico en función de la etnia del paciente. Sujetos y

métodos:

Primera etapa comparación de las respuestas de los dos grupos de alumnos a un cuestionario sobre un caso clínico hipotético; la única variable discriminatoria entre los grupos fue la fotografía del paciente que se adjuntó un joven negro en un caso, y un joven blanco, en el otro. Segunda etapa el trabajo en casa y en una sesión de feedback. Tercera etapa en grupos pequeños se realizó un taller centrado en el tema con actividades de sensibilización del problema.

Resultados:

Cuando el paciente era negro, se solicitaban un menor número de pruebas, el paciente tenía menos probabilidades de ser enviado a un hospital y había una percepción de que tendía a exagerar los síntomas para obtener un beneficio personal.

Conclusiones:

Se encuentran diferencias en el tratamiento del paciente por los estudiantes de medicina. Estamos a favor de la incorporación de los conceptos de las desigualdades en salud y la competencia cultural en los estudios de medicina, con el fin de minimizar el efecto de estas ideas preconcebidas desde el inicio de la formación de los futuros profesionales de la salud
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Health inequalities are multiple and complex and they are avoidable. Educating Medical student training is an ideal opportunity for reflecting on practices and for engendering skills and attitudes of respect, equity and equanimity among future health professionals. Coinciding with a modification of the teaching program at our faculty, we designed the present study to ascertain whether second-year medical students might propose different approaches to the management of the same hypothetical clinical case depending on the patient's ethnicity. Subjects and

methods:

1st stage comparison of the responses of two groups of students to a questionnaire regarding a hypothetical clinical case. The only discriminatory variable between the groups was the photograph of the patient attached a black youth in one case, and a white youth in the other. 2nd stage homework and in a feedback session. 3rd stage small-group workshop focused on the need for retraining and activities to heighten awareness of the problem.

Results:

When the patient was black, fewer tests were requested, the patient was less likely to be sent to hospital, and there was a perception that he tended to exaggerate the symptoms to obtain personal benefit.

Conclusions:

We found prejudice in patient management at the beginning of the medicine degree. We advocate the incorporation of concepts of health inequalities and cultural competence in medical studies, so as to minimize the effect of these preconceived ideas from the very beginning of the training of future health professionals
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3C: Increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Authority and Accountability for Healthcare Workers / Goal 1 Equitable access to health services / Goal 11: Inequalities and inequities in health / Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health Database: IBECS Main subject: Physician-Patient Relations / Professional Competence / Problem-Based Learning / Education, Medical Aspects: Equity and inequality / Patient-preference Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: FEM (Ed. impr.) Year: 2014 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Universitat de Lleida/España

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3C: Increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Authority and Accountability for Healthcare Workers / Goal 1 Equitable access to health services / Goal 11: Inequalities and inequities in health / Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health Database: IBECS Main subject: Physician-Patient Relations / Professional Competence / Problem-Based Learning / Education, Medical Aspects: Equity and inequality / Patient-preference Limits: Humans Language: Spanish Journal: FEM (Ed. impr.) Year: 2014 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Universitat de Lleida/España
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