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Piperacillin-induced DRESS: distinguishing features observed in a clinical and allergy study of 8 patients
Cabañas, R; Calderón, O; Ramírez, E; Fiandor, A; Prior, N; Caballero, T; Herránz, P; Bobolea, I; López-Serrano, M. C; Quirce, S; Bellón, T.
Affiliation
  • Cabañas, R; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Calderón, O; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Ramírez, E; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Fiandor, A; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Prior, N; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Caballero, T; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Herránz, P; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Bobolea, I; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • López-Serrano, M. C; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Quirce, S; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
  • Bellón, T; Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ). Madrid. Spain
J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol ; 24(6): 425-430, sept.-oct. 2014. tab, ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-130592
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
ABSTRACT

Background:

DRESS (drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms) syndrome is characterized by fever, rash, eosinophilia, and multiorgan failure. Previous reports have described differences in clinical and laboratory findings of DRESS syndrome depending on the inducing drug. Piperacillin has been reported as the drug responsible for this syndrome in 3 patients.

Objective:

To analyze and describe the clinical, laboratory, and allergy study findings of piperacillin-induced DRESS. Patients and

Methods:

Retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with DRESS associated with piperacillin-tazobactam (Pip/Taz) according to the Kardaun diagnostic score criteria. Assessment of causality was established using the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System and the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). The allergy study included skin and epicutaneous tests.

Results:

Eight patients were diagnosed with DRESS due to Pip/Taz (3 probable and 5 definite cases). Skin rash was observed in all cases and facial edema in 50%; the mean latency period was 18 days. Fever was present in 7 patients. Liver and kidney injuries were detected in 6 and 3 patients, respectively. All patients had eosinophilia and a full recovery. The LTT to Pip/Taz was strongly positive in all patients, with a stimulation index of over 6. Three of 3 patients had a positive intradermal test to Pip/Taz, and 1 of 4 had a positive patch test. All patients had a negative LTT to carbapenems.

Conclusions:

We have reported on the first case series of piperacillin-induced DRESS. A latency period of 18 days, skin rash, eosinophilia, fever, liver injury, and good prognosis were the most common features. The allergy study, and the LTT in particular, was highly useful for identifying Pip/Taz as the culprit drug and piperacillin as the responsible active ingredient (AU)
RESUMEN
Antecedentes El síndrome DRESS se caracteriza por fiebre, erupción cutánea, eosinofilia y afectación multiorgánica. Publicaciones previas han descrito diferencias en la presentación clínica y analítica de este síndrome dependiendo del fármaco inductor. Se han publicado 3 casos de DRESS inducidos por Piperacilina.

Objetivo:

Analizar y describir las características clínicas, analíticas y el estudio alergológico del DRESS inducido por Piperacilina. Pacientes y

métodos:

Estudio retrospectivo de una serie de pacientes diagnosticados de DRESS (de acuerdo a escala diagnóstica de Kardaun) por Piperacilina-Tazobactam (Pip/Taz). El establecimiento de causalidad se estableció según el algoritmo del Sistema Español de Farmacovigilancia y el Test de Transformación Linfocitaria (TTL). El estudio alergológico incluyó también pruebas cutáneas y epicutáneas.

Resultados:

Ocho pacientes diagnosticados de DRESS por Pip/Taz (3 diagnóstico probable y 5 definitivo). Todos los casos presentaron erupción cutánea y el 50% edema facial, tiempo medio de latencia de 18 días. 7 presentaron fiebre y se detectó afectación hepática y renal en 6 y 3 pacientes, respectivamente. Todos los pacientes presentaron eosinofilia y una recuperación completa. El TTL a Pip/Taz fue muy positivo en todos los pacientes con un Índice de Estimulación > 6. 3/3 pacientes presentaron prueba intradérmica positiva a Pip/Taz y 1/4 parche positivo. Todos los pacientes tuvieron TTL negativo a carbapenémicos.

Conclusiones:

Presentamos la primera serie de casos de DRESS inducido por Piperacilina. Un tiempo de latencia de 18 días, erupción cutánea, eosinofilia, fiebre y afectación hepática junto a un buen pronóstico fueron las características más comunes. El estudio alergológico, principalmente el TTL, fue muy útil para identificar a la Piperacilina/Tazobactam como el fármaco responsable y concretamente a la Piperacilin (AU)
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Piperacillin / Immunologic Tests / Eosinophilia / Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Multiple Organ Failure Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol Year: 2014 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ)/Spain / Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/Spain
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Piperacillin / Immunologic Tests / Eosinophilia / Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome / Multiple Organ Failure Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol Year: 2014 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ)/Spain / Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/Spain
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