Análisis cinescológico de un gesto habitual en enfermería / Kinesiological analysis of an usual gesture in nurses. Comparisonwith an alternative gesture
Arch. prev. riesgos labor. (Ed. impr.)
; 5(3): 83-101, jul.-sept. 2002. ilus, graf
Article
in Spanish
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-135777
Responsible library:
ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN
Objetivos:
Estudiar cinemática y cinéticamente un gesto habitual en el personal de enfermería y auxiliar de un centro sociosanitario, para identificar riesgos de lesión lumbar. Estudiar cinemática y cinéticamente un gesto habitual en el personal de enfermería y auxiliar de un centro Sociosantiario, para identificar riesgos de lesión lumbar. Paralelamente, se propone un gesto alternativoy se evalúa si reduce este riesgo de lesión.Métodos:
la muestra de voluntarios del personal del Centro en estudio, sin factores de riesgo ni patologías relacionadas con el estudio, es de 27 profesionales (34,9 + 8,2 años de edad; 61,0 + 18,1 Kp de peso, 161,8 + 9,7 cm de altura). Mediante una encuesta al personal se determina el gesto de mayor riesgo subjetivo para este colectivo que será objeto de estudio. Se realiza en laboratorio la grabación cinemática y de actividad muscular de los individuos cuando realizan un traslado de una silla a otra silla de un paciente con hemiplejia derecha. Este gesto se realiza según la formaResultados:
la encuesta de valoración de riesgos indica queConclusiones:
La acción considerada de mayor riesgo subjetivo es la reorientación del enfermo hacia otro lugar en una transferencia. La sensación de buen control del paciente es persistente con independencia del gesto utilizado por el auxiliar. Los individuos que practican una postura de contrapeso (comprobada como de bajo riesgo) durante la ejecución del gesto normal persistente en la misma incluso cuando intentan el método alternativo, pero bajan más la posición de la pelvis si comparamos su postura con la del resto de los auxiliares. Este descenso se correlaciona con una disminución de la actividad electromiográfica paravertebral. El gesto alternativo muestra en todos los casos una mayor inclinación de tronco sin un mayor grado de flexión lumbo-pélvico (AU)ABSTRACT
Objetives to define the biomechanical characteristics of a usual gesture in the nursing profession, considered as a risk factor for low back pain. And to compare it with an alternative gesture designed to carry out the same task. Method:
Through direct observation and interviewing the personnel, the task and gesture to be studied are selected. A sample of 27 volunteers is gathered for kinematic and muscle activity recording when transferring a patient with right hemiplegia from chair to chair. This gesture is performed as it is usually practiced and also in a proposed alternative. The movement is divided into turning, stabilizing and unloading phases, the latter being the object of our study. Both patient and professional compare the two gestures subjectively.Results:
The risk evaluation survey shows that reorienting the standing patient towards another place when transferring a patient is the first choice gesture in 88 responses (22,3%), but with some differences among workshifts (p=0,02). The patient´s control sensation is good, regardless of method and gesture used. The counterweight posture is the most persistent. Within one same gesture, either the usual or alternative gesture, health workers use different techniques to transfer the patient. Those changes introduced in the alternative gesture have resulted in a greater S1 vertical movement range and in a higher trunk tilt in relation to the vertical. Conclusions. The action considered as having higher subjective risk is reorienting the patient towards another place when transferring a patient. People who practice a counterweight posture (defined as low risk) during performance of the usual gesture persist in the same one even when trying the alternative method, lowering the pelvis position if compared with the rest of health workers. This lowering is correlated with a decrease in paraspinal electromyographic activity (lower muscle effort). The correct performance of the alternative method implies greater trunk tilt, allowing the patient to be closer to the health worker, and thus avoiding lumbar flexion, and presenting lower lumbar segment effort (AU)
Search on Google
Collection:
National databases
/
Spain
Database:
IBECS
Main subject:
Posture
/
Nursing
/
Low Back Pain
/
Moving and Lifting Patients
Type of study:
Evaluation study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Arch. prev. riesgos labor. (Ed. impr.)
Year:
2002
Document type:
Article
Institution/Affiliation country:
Centre Sociosanitari L´Alianca/España
/
Escola Universitaria d´Infermería i Fisioterápia Blanquerna/España