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Cribaje de microfilariasis sanguínea (Loa Loa) en la población inmigrante de zonas endémicas / Screening of microfilariasis in blood (Loa Loa) among the immigrant population in endemic areas
Carrillo Casas, Esther; Iglesias Pérez, Begoña; Gómez i Prat, Jordi; Guinovart Florensa, Caterina; Cabezos Otón, Juan.
Affiliation
  • Carrillo Casas, Esther; Hospital Mutua de Terrassa. Barcelona. España
  • Iglesias Pérez, Begoña; SAP Ciutat Vella. Barcelona. España
  • Gómez i Prat, Jordi; Institut Català de la Salut. Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional Drassanes. Barcelona. España
  • Guinovart Florensa, Caterina; Hospital Clínic. Barcelona. España
  • Cabezos Otón, Juan; Institut Català de la Salut. Unitat de Medicina Tropical i Salut Internacional Drassanes. Barcelona. España
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 78(5): 623-630, sept.-oct. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-137947
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN
Fundamento Dada la creciente afluencia de población inmigrante originaria de zonas de riesgo a nuestro país se plantea la necesidad de realizar cribaje para loasis, aunque el cribaje sistemático es una práctica discutida, poco evaluada y aún no protocolizada. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar la población en la que es más adecuado realizar el cribado de loasis, comparando 4 alternativas.

Métodos:

Estudio de casos y controles, con 30 casos (todos los que consultaron en nuestra Unidad y con un test de detección de microfilaremia positivo para Loa loa) y 90 controles (tres controles por caso de entre los sujetos con microfilaremia negativa, escogidos aleatoriamente y sin criterios de apareamiento).

Resultados:

De los 1.638 sujetos a los que se realizó la prueba de microfilaremia 30 (1,8%;1,2-2,6%) resultaron positivos. De estos 30 casos con loasis 76,7% (23;57,7-90,1%) presentaban eosinofilia (OR 8,8; 3,3-23,1; p<0,0001) y un 30,0% (9;14,7-49,4%) presentaba clínica (OR 2,8; 1,0-7,5; p=0,04). Si aplicáramos el test de cribado a toda la población inmigrante procedente de áreas endémicas deberíamos realizar 54,6 pruebas para detectar un caso. Si lo realizáramos en sujetos que presentan eosinofilia y/o clínica compatible, el número de pruebas que deberíamos realizar para cada caso detectado sería inferior (NNS=29; IC=21-48) pero habría un 16,7% (5;5,7-34,7%) de falsos negativos.

Conclusiones:

Estaría indicado practicar un test de cribado con determinación de microfilaremia a la población inmigrante procedente de Africa Central y Oeste, independientemente de la presencia de eosinofilia o clínica compatible, siempre que se disponga de los recursos necesarios (AU)
ABSTRACT

Background:

Given the increasing flux of immigrant population from high-risk areas to our country, the need of screening for loasis arises, despite systematic screening being a debated and poorly evaluated practice to which there is no protocol. This study is aimed at identifying the population to which loasis screening would be most appropriate, by drawing a comparison among four alternatives.

Methods:

Case and control group study, involving 30 cases (all those who came to our unit for treatment and who tested positive for Loa Loa in a microfilariae in the blood detection test) and 90 control cases (three controls per case from among the subjects having tested negative for microfilariae in the blood chosen at random without any pairing criteria).

Results:

Of the 1,638 subjects on whom the microfilariae blood test was performed, 30 tested positive (1.8%; 1.2-2.6%). Of these 30 cases of loasis, 76.7% (23;57.7-90.1%) had eosinophylia (OR 8.8; 3.3-23.1; p<0.0001) and 30.0% (9;14.7-49.4%) compatible clinical symptoms (OR 2.8; 1.0-7.5; p=0.04). If we were to apply the screening test to the entire immigrant population coming from endemic areas, we would have to perform 54.6 tests to detect one case. It we were to perform the test on patients showing eosinophylia and/or compatible clinical symptoms, we would have to perform a smaller number of tests for every case detected (NNS=29; IC=21-48), but there would be 16.7% (5;5.7-34.7%) false negatives.

Conclusions:

Conducting a screening test with determination of microfilariae in the blood on the immigrant population coming from Central and West Africa, independently of the presence of eosinophylia or compatible clinical symptoms, would be indicated, provided that the necessary resources are available (AU)
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Neglected Diseases Health problem: Helminthiasis / Neglected Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Loiasis / Endemic Diseases / Emigration and Immigration / Microfilariae Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Diagnostic study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. esp. salud pública Year: 2004 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clínic/España / Hospital Mutua de Terrassa/España / Institut Català de la Salut/España / SAP Ciutat Vella/España
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Neglected Diseases Health problem: Helminthiasis / Neglected Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Loiasis / Endemic Diseases / Emigration and Immigration / Microfilariae Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Diagnostic study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Animals / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. esp. salud pública Year: 2004 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Clínic/España / Hospital Mutua de Terrassa/España / Institut Català de la Salut/España / SAP Ciutat Vella/España
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