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Long-term effect of sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy in dust mite–allergic children with asthma/rhinitis: a 3-year prospective randomized controlled trial
Karakoc-Aydiner, E; Eifan, AO; Baris, S; Gunay, E; Akturk, E; Akkoc, T; Bahceciler, NN; Barlan, IB.
Affiliation
  • Karakoc-Aydiner, E; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Eifan, AO; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Baris, S; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Gunay, E; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Akturk, E; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Akkoc, T; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Bahceciler, NN; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
  • Barlan, IB; Marmara University Medical Faculty. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. Istanbul. Turkey
J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol ; 25(5): 334-342, 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-144651
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
ABSTRACT
Background and

Objective:

Specific allergen immunotherapy is the only treatment modality that might change the natural course of allergic diseases in childhood. We sought to prospectively compare the long-term clinical and immunological effects of sublingual (SLIT) and subcutaneous (SCIT) immunotherapy compared with pharmacotherapy alone.

Methods:

In this single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial, 48 children with mild persistent asthma with/without rhinitis, monosensitized to house dust mites (HDMs) were followed for 3 years. At baseline and years 1 and 3 of follow-up, patients were evaluated and compared for total rhinitis (TRSS) and asthma (TASS) symptom scores, total symptom scores (TSS), total medication scores (TMS), safety profiles, skin-nasal-bronchial reactivity, and immunological parameters.

Results:

A significant reduction was observed in TASS for both HDM-SCIT and HDM-SLIT at year 3 of treatment compared with baseline and controls (P<.05 for both), with significant improvement in rhinitis symptoms for both groups compared with controls (P=.01 for both). TSS decreased significantly in both HDM-SCIT and HDM-SLIT at year 3 compared with baseline (P=.007 and P=.04, respectively) and controls (P<.01 for both). A significant reduction in TMS was observed in HDM-SCIT and HDM-SLIT compared with baseline and controls (P=.01 in all cases), with a reduction in skin reactivity to HDM (P<.05). Finally, a significant increase in allergen specific IgG4 was observed in the SCIT group at year 3 compared with baseline, the SLIT group, and controls (P<.001 in all cases).

Conclusions:

HDM-sensitized asthmatic children treated for at least 3 years with either SCIT or SLIT showed sustained clinical improvement (AU)
RESUMEN
Antecedentes La inmunoterapia con alérgenos es el único tratamiento que podría cambiar el curso natural evolutivo de las enfermedades alérgicas en la infancia. Nuestro objetivo era comparar, de manera prospectiva, la eficacia a largo plazo de la inmunoterapia sublingual (SLIT) y subcutánea (SCIT), con el tratamiento exclusivo con farmacoterapia convencional.

Métodos:

En este ensayo clínico, prospectivo de tres años de duración, realizado en un solo centro y aleatorizado, se incluyeron 48 niños con asma leve persistente, con o sin rinitis asociada, monosensibilizados a los ácaros del polvo (HDM). Los pacientes fueron evaluados al inicio, al año y a los tres años de tratamiento, comparándose los cambios en la puntuación de síntomas nasales (TRSS), bronquiales (TASS), puntuación total de síntomas (TSS) y consumo de medicación (TMS), perfil de seguridad, reactividad frente al alérgeno cutánea, nasal y bronquial y diversos parámetros inmunológicos.

Resultados:

Se observó una reducción significativa del TASS tanto para el grupo HDM-SCIT como HDM-SLIT al final del tercer año de tratamiento, tanto cuando se comparaba con la situación basal como con los cambios observados en el grupo control (p<0.05, respectivamente). El TRSS también mejoró significativamente en ambos grupos HDM-SCIT y HDM-SLIT en el tercer año de tratamiento, cuando los cambios se compararon con los observados en el grupo control (p=0,01, en ambos). El TSS y el TMS disminuyeron también significativamente en ambos grupos HDM-SCIT y HDM-SLIT en el tercer año, comparado con la situación basal (p=0,007, p=0,04/ p=0,01, p=0,01 respectivamente) y con el grupo control (p<0,01,p<0,01/ p=0,01, p=0,01, respectivamente). Tras tres años de tratamiento la reactividad cutánea frente a los alérgenos de los ácaros disminuyó significativamente (p<0,05). Los niveles de IgG4 específica frente a ácaros se incrementaron en el grupo SCIT-HDM, comparados con la situación basal y con los cambios observados en el grupo SLIT-HDM y control (p<0,001, respectivamente).

Conclusiones:

El tratamiento durante tres años con inmunoterapia específica tanto SCIT como SLIT se acompañó de una eficacia clínica sostenida, en este grupo de niños asmáticos sensibilizados a los ácaros del polvo. Ambas rutas de administración de la inmunoterapia parecen tener mecanismos de acción similares (AU)
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Asthma / Rhinitis / Desensitization, Immunologic / Sublingual Immunotherapy / Immunotherapy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol Year: 2015 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Marmara University Medical Faculty/Turkey
Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Asthma / Rhinitis / Desensitization, Immunologic / Sublingual Immunotherapy / Immunotherapy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: J. investig. allergol. clin. immunol Year: 2015 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Marmara University Medical Faculty/Turkey
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