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Lepra neural pura. Aspectos diagnósticos en un caso clínico / Pure neural leprosy. Diagnostic aspects of a clinical case
Pardal Fernández, José Manuel; Ezsol Lendvai, Sophia; Rodríguez Vázquez, María; Agudo Mena, José Luis; Godes Medrano, Begoña.
Affiliation
  • Pardal Fernández, José Manuel; Hospital General de Albacete. Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica. Albacete. España
  • Ezsol Lendvai, Sophia; Hospital General de Albacete. Servicio de Dermatología. Albacete. España
  • Rodríguez Vázquez, María; Hospital General de Albacete. Servicio de Dermatología. Albacete. España
  • Agudo Mena, José Luis; Hospital General de Albacete. Servicio de Dermatología. Albacete. España
  • Godes Medrano, Begoña; Hospital General de Albacete. Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica. Albacete. España
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(6): 257-261, 16 sept., 2016. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-156047
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN
Introducción. La lepra es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por la bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. Presenta especial avidez por la piel y los troncos nerviosos, y, de hecho, ambos se afectan en la mayor parte de los infectados. Se trasmite por exposición con enfermos y en ocasiones por reactivación. Una posibilidad inhabitual es la lepra neural pura, caracterizada por neuropatía, pero sin lesiones en la piel. Se describe un paciente con lepra neural pura y se revisan los aspectos diagnósticos. Caso clínico. Varón de 40 años, inmigrante, diagnosticado y tratado de lepra 20 años antes. Acudió por parestesias y disestesias dolorosas en las manos y las piernas sin lesiones en la piel. Se demostró mononeuritis múltiple aguda con principal afectación de cubitales. La enfermedad, tipificada como tuberculoide paucibacilar, se trató y en pocas semanas la mejoría fue evidente. Conclusiones. En este caso de lepra neural pura por reactivación, el diagnóstico temprano permitió un rápido tratamiento. Es recomendable la evaluación de la neuropatía integrada con criterios clínicos, electrofisiológicos y ecográficos. De este modo se consigue una alta sensibilidad y especialmente una precocidad en el diagnóstico y la instauración del tratamiento, y por consecuencia una mejor recuperación funcional (AU)
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. It is particularly prone to affect the skin and the nerve trunks and, in fact, both are compromised in most infected patients. It is transmitted by exposure to those with the disease and sometimes by reactivation. One uncommon possibility is pure neural leprosy, which is characterised by neuropathy, but without skin lesions. We report the case of a patient with pure neural leprosy and review the diagnostic aspects. Case report. A 40-year-old male, an immigrant who was diagnosed and treated for leprosy 20 earlier. The patient visited due to painful paraesthesias and dysesthesias in the hands and legs without the presence of any skin lesions. Acute multiple mononeuritis with mainly ulnar involvement was observed. The disease, typified as paucibacillary/tuberculoid, was treated and in a few weeks there was a clear improvement. Conclusions. In this case of pure neural leprosy due to reactivation, early diagnosis allowed timely treatment to be established. Evaluation of neuropathy together with clinical, electrophysiological and ultrasound criteria is recommended. By so doing, a high degree of sensitivity is achieved as well as allowing early diagnosis and treatment, and therefore a better functional recovery (AU)
Subject(s)
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Neglected Diseases Health problem: Leprosy / Neglected Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Paresthesia / Leprosy, Tuberculoid / Ulnar Neuropathies / Electrodiagnosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Screening study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2016 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General de Albacete/España
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Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: Neglected Diseases Health problem: Leprosy / Neglected Diseases Database: IBECS Main subject: Paresthesia / Leprosy, Tuberculoid / Ulnar Neuropathies / Electrodiagnosis Type of study: Diagnostic study / Screening study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2016 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General de Albacete/España
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