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Erythrodermia to pseudoephedrine in a patient with contact allergy to phenylephrine
Gonzalo-Garijo, MA; Pérez-Calderón, R; Argila, D de; Rodríguez-Nevado, I.
Affiliation
  • Gonzalo-Garijo, MA; Infanta Cristina University Hospital. Badajoz. España
  • Pérez-Calderón, R; Infanta Cristina University Hospital. Badajoz. España
  • Argila, D de; Infanta Cristina University Hospital. Badajoz. España
  • Rodríguez-Nevado, I; Infanta Cristina University Hospital. Badajoz. España
Allergol. immunopatol ; 30(4): 239-242, jul. 2002.
Article in En | IBECS | ID: ibc-15983
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
ABSTRACT

Background:

Phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine are sympathomimetic drugs belonging to the phenylamine family. Adverse cutaneous effects associated with these drugs have been reported but, in view of their frequent use, appear to be rare. The very close chemical structures of these drugs could explain potential cross-reactions among them but the results reported in the literature are controversial. Case report An 18-year-old woman developed blepharoconjunctivitis after application of phenylephrine and tropicamide eye drops. Four years after this reaction, she took 1 tablet of Narine® (pseudoephedrine and loratadine) and 3-4 hours later developed a generalized erythrodermic reaction. Cutaneous biopsy revealed hydropic changes in the basal layer and, in the dermis, moderate edema with slight perivascular lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltrates. Patch tests with European standard series, commercial eye drops, tropicamide, phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine and other sympathomimetic agents were applied to the patient's back. After 47 and 96 hours, only the patches with pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine were positive.

Conclusions:

We believe that our patient has presented two different reactions with different clinical outcome and histopathology, which are unlikely to be due to cross-reactivity between the drugs involved. We have found no similar coincidences reported int the literature (AU)
RESUMEN
Antecedentes La fenilefrina y la pseudoefedrina son fármacos simpaticomiméticos que pertenecen a la familia fenilamina. Teniendo en cuenta el amplio uso de estos fármacos, las reacciones adversas cutáneas producidas por ellos no parecen frecuentes. La similitud química de estas sustancias podría explicar la existencia de reacciones cruzadas entre ellas, pero los resultados de la literatura sobre este tema son controvertidos. Caso clínico Mujer de 18 años de edad, remitida a nuestras consultas por haber presentado a las 3-4 horas de tomar un comprimido de Narine (loratadina y pseudoefedrina) una reacción eritrodérmica generalizada. Cuatro años antes había presentado una bléfaroconjuntivitis tras la aplicación simultánea de 2 colirios, Oculos Fenilefrina 10 per cent y Colircusi Tropicamida . Las pruebas epicutáneas con la batería estándar del GEIDC, los colirios comerciales y con preparaciones de tropicamida, fenilefrina, pseudoefedrina y otros agentes simpaticomiméticos sólo fueron positivas con fenilefrina y pseudoefedrina a las 48 y 96 horas. La biopsia cutánea de la reacción eritrodérmica mostraba cambios hidrópicos en la membrana basal y, en la dermis, moderado edema con ligero infiltrado perivascular de linfocitos y eosinófilos.

Conclusiones:

Se trata de 2 reacciones diferentes tanto clínica como histopatológicamente, probablemente no explicables por la posible reactividad cruzada entre los fármacos implicados. No hemos encontrado coincidencias similares en la literatura (AU)
Subject(s)
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Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Ophthalmic Solutions / Phenylephrine / Tropicamide / Blepharitis / Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Patch Tests / Loratadine / Drug Eruptions / Dermatitis, Exfoliative / Drug Combinations Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Allergol. immunopatol Year: 2002 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Infanta Cristina University Hospital/España
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Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Ophthalmic Solutions / Phenylephrine / Tropicamide / Blepharitis / Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Patch Tests / Loratadine / Drug Eruptions / Dermatitis, Exfoliative / Drug Combinations Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Allergol. immunopatol Year: 2002 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Infanta Cristina University Hospital/España
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