Resultados a corto y medio plazo en el tratamiento endovascular de aneurismas aortoiliacos o iliacos mediante el uso del dispositivo de rama iliaca / Short and medium-term outcomes in the endovascular treatment of aorto-iliac or iliac aneurysms with the use of an iliac branch device

RESUMEN

Objetivo: El uso del dispositivo de rama iliaca (DRI) es una técnica para evitar complicaciones derivadas de la oclusión de las arterias hipogástricas (AH). Nuestro objetivo es analizar los resultados del uso del DRI a corto y medio plazo en nuestro centro. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, 28 AH, 14 pacientes con aneurismas aortoiliacos tratados con DRI entre 2011 y 2015. Catorce (100%) aneurismas iliacos bilaterales, 11 (78,6%) aneurismas aórticos asociados y 4 (14,3%) con aneurisma hipogástrico. De 28 AH, 19 (67,8%) se trataron con DRI (5 bilaterales), 4 (14,3%) fueron cubiertas con endoprótesis, 2 (7,1%) embolizadas, 2 intactas y una con stent cubierto para tratar un aneurisma. En todos los casos quedó al menos una AH permeable. Analizamos mortalidad, permeabilidad del DRI, endofugas, claudicación glútea, disfunción eréctil e isquemia pélvica. Para realizar el seguimiento se utilizaron angio-TAC y ecodoppler. Resultados: El 100% eran varones, con una edad de 74,6 ± 13,6 años, permeabilidad al mes 94,7%, al año 80%, a los 2 años 77,8%, 0% de mortalidad, de endofugas, de claudicación glútea en el lado permeabilizado, de disfunción eréctil de nueva aparición y de isquemia pélvica. Hubo dos casos de claudicación glútea contralateral, un caso de trombosis arterial iliaca contralateral, resuelta mediante bypass femorofemoral, una trombosis del DRI intraoperatoria e isquemia aguda de la extremidad, resuelta mediante trombolisis y embolectomía, e imposibilidad para colocar el DRI por dificultad técnica en un caso. El seguimiento medio fue de 23,3 meses (rango 1-67), y hubo 2 pérdidas en el seguimiento. Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia, el DRI es una técnica eficaz y segura con pocas complicaciones y buena permeabilidad; no obstante, son necesarios estudios a largo plazo (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective: An iliac branch device (IBD) is used as a technique to avoid or minimise the complications associated with the occlusion of the hypogastric artery (HA). The purpose of this paper is to analyse the short and medium-term outcomes with the use of an IBD in our centre. Material and methods: A descriptive study that included 28 HA of 14 patients with an aorto-iliac aneurysm treated with an IBD between 2011 and 2015. There were 14 (100%) bilateral iliac artery aneurysms, 11 (78.6%) associated with an aortic aneurysm, and 4 (14.3%) with HA aneurysm. Of the 28 HA, 19 (67.8%) where treated with an IBD (5 bilateral), 4 (14.3%) were covered with the endoprosthesis, 2 (7.1%) were embolised, 2 were not treated, and one was treated with a covered stent graft in order to treat the hypogastric aneurysm. In all of the cases one HA was patent. An analysis is presented of the mortality, patency, endoleaks, buttock claudication, erectile dysfunction, and pelvic ischaemia. CT angiogram and doppler ultrasound were used in the follow-up. Results: All (100%) the patients were male, with a mean age of 74.6 ± 13.6 years. Patency at one month was 94.7%, 80% at one year, and 77.7% at 2 years. There was 0% mortality, endoleaks, buttock claudication of the side treated, erectile dysfunction, and pelvic ischaemia. There were 2 cases of contralateral buttock claudication, one of contralateral iliac artery thrombosis, resolved through a femoro-femoral bypass, and one case of intra-operative IBD thrombosis that was treated favourably with thrombolysis. Mean follow-up was 23.3 months (range 1-67) with 2 losses in the study. Conclusion: In our experience, IBD is a safe and efficient technique, with few complications and good patency. Longer follow-up studies should be performed (AU)