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La atención primaria en Italia / Primary care in Italy
Sánchez-Sagrado, T.
Affiliation
  • Sánchez-Sagrado, T; Delegación territorial de Sanidad y Bienestar Social. Segovia. España
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-171188
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN
Italia no es un lugar de emigración para médicos españoles, pues en dicho país también sobran profesionales sanitarios. El Servizio Sanitario Nazionale italiano es un sistema nacional de salud con algunas diferencias respecto del español. El Servizio Sanitario Nazionale está financiado con impuestos nacionales y regionales y copagos. Existe un presupuesto específico para la asistencia sanitaria y Atención Primaria recibe el 50% de este presupuesto. Todos los ciudadanos italianos y residentes en Italia tienen derecho a asistencia sanitaria gratuita, aunque existe copago en pruebas diagnósticas, farmacia, atención especializada y determinadas urgencias. El copago es diferente dependiendo de la región. La provisión de servicios es regional, provocando fragmentación de los mismos e importantes desigualdades. Los médicos son autónomos y desde el año 2000 hay incentivos para promover el trabajo en equipos multidisciplinares. El salario está regulado y es la suma de un pago capitativo e ingresos específicos por actividades complementarias. Las funciones de los médicos son similares a las de los profesionales españoles, aunque la atención es más personal. La relación entre Atención Primaria y Especializada depende de la afinidad de los profesionales entre sí. El médico de Primaria tiene función de gatekeeper excepto en ginecología, obstetricia y pediatría. La formación especializada es obligatoria para poder trabajar como médico de familia. El sistema sanitario italiano es un sistema nacional de salud similar al español. Sin embargo, los profesionales sanitarios son autónomos y existe copago. A pesar del copago, los italianos tienen una de las esperanzas de vida más altas de Europa y están a favor de un sistema sanitario universal y financiado públicamente (AU)
ABSTRACT
Italy is not a country where Spanish doctors emigrate, as there is an over-supply of health care professionals. The Italian Servizio Sanitario Nazionale has some differences compared to the Spanish National Health System. The Servizio Sanitario Nazionale is financed by national and regional taxes and co-payments. There are taxes earmarked for health, and Primary Care receives 50% of the total funds. Italian citizens and residents in Italy have the right to free health cover. However, there are co-payments for laboratory and imaging tests, pharmaceuticals, specialist ambulatory services, and emergencies. Co-payments vary in the different regions. The provision of services is regional, and thus fragmentation and major inequities are the norm. Doctors in Primary Care are self-employed and from 2000 onwards, there are incentives to work in multidisciplinary teams. Salary is regulated by a national contract and it is the sum of per-capita payments and extra resources for specific activities. Responsibilities are similar to those of Spanish professionals. However, medical care is more personal. Relationships between Primary Care and specialised care depend on the doctors’ relationships. Primary Care doctors are gatekeepers for specialised care, except for gynaecology, obstetrics and paediatrics. Specialised training is compulsory in order to work as general practitioner. The Italian Health Care System is a national health system like the Spanish one. However, health care professionals are self-employed, and there are co-payments. In spite of co-payments, Italians have one of the highest average life expectancy, and they support a universal and publicly funded health-care system (AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas Health problem: Delivery Arrangements / Goal 11: Inequalities and inequities in health Database: IBECS Main subject: Primary Health Care / Delivery of Health Care / National Health Programs Aspects: Social determinants of health / Equity and inequality / Patient-preference Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: Spanish Journal: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) Year: 2018 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Delegación territorial de Sanidad y Bienestar Social/España

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Health context: SDG3 - Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas Health problem: Delivery Arrangements / Goal 11: Inequalities and inequities in health Database: IBECS Main subject: Primary Health Care / Delivery of Health Care / National Health Programs Aspects: Social determinants of health / Equity and inequality / Patient-preference Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: Spanish Journal: SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) Year: 2018 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Delegación territorial de Sanidad y Bienestar Social/España
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