Increased number of regulatory T cells in esophageal tissue of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis in comparison to gastro esophageal reflux disease and control groups

ABSTRACT

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a primarily polygenic allergic disorder. Although most patients have IgE sensitization, it seems that non-IgE mediated responses mainly contribute to the pathogenesis of EoE. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) may have an important role in allergies. There are limited data on the association of Tregs and EoE. In this study, we enumerated and compared T lymphocytes and Tregs in esophageal tissue of patients with EoE, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and normal controls. Methods: Ten patients with EoE, ten patients with GERD and eight normal controls were included. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to enumerate T lymphocytes and Tregs. CD3+ cells were considered as T cells and FOXP3+, CD3+ cells were considered as Tregs. T cells and Tregs were counted in 10 high power fields (HPF) (×400) for each patient and the average of 10 HPFs was recorded. Results: The mean±SEM of Tregs in esophageal tissue of patients with EoE (10.90 ± 2.14cells/HPF) was significantly higher than the GERD (2.77 ± 0.66 cells/HPF) and control groups (0.37 ± 0.08 cells/HPF) (P < 0.001). Additionally, the mean ± SEM of T lymphocytes in esophageal tissue of patients with EoE (24.39 ± 3.86 cells/HPF) were increased in comparison to the GERD (10.07 ± 2.65 cells/HPF) and control groups (3.17 ± 0.93 cells/HPF) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: There is an increase in the number of esophageal T lymphocytes and regulatory T cells in patients with EoE compared to the GERD and control groups

RESUMEN

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