Impacto del confinamiento en el estilo de vida: profesionales sanitarios y población general / Impact of lockdown on lifestyle: healthcare professionals and overall population
Metas enferm
; 25(4): 49-58, May 2022. tab, graf
Article
in Es
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-206381
Responsible library:
ES1.1
Localization: ES15.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN
Objetivo: explorar los efectos del confinamiento por la pandemia COVID-19 en el estilo de vida de la población general y profesionales sanitarios (PS). Método: estudio descriptivo transversal. Se realizó muestreo no probabilístico por bola de nieve a través de WhatsApp. Se difundió un cuestionario realizado ad hoc previamente pilotado sobre variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y hábitos de vida durante el confinamiento. Para el análisis se utilizaron las pruebas paramétricas t de Student-Fisher, Chi cuadrado de Pearson y odds ratio (OR) con IC95%. Resultados: participaron 184 PS y 460 no sanitarios. La muestra tenía una media de 40,4 (DE: 12,8) años, principalmente eran mujeres (66,9%) con formación universitaria (65,8%). Más PS contaron con una prueba positiva para COVID-19, OR= 17,1 (9,1-32,1) o síntomas compatibles con COVID-19, OR= 2,1 (1,4-3,1). La repercusión psicológica del confinamiento fue superior en PS, OR= 1,5 (1,0-2,1). No se hallaron diferencias significativas en las actividades efectuadas durante la cuarentena exceptuando el teletrabajo (p< 0,001). El 68,0% de la población no sanitaria autorrefirió su grado de preocupación como Muy preocupado y Fuertemente preocupado, similar a los PS (65,8%) (p= 0,218). Los hábitos saludables se mantuvieron durante el confinamiento, a excepción del ejercicio físico que empeora en ambos grupos (66,3% de sanitarios y 66,4% de no sanitarios). El consumo de tabaco y/o alcohol aumentó entre un 20 y un 30% en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: se perciben cambios entre PS y no sanitarios en cuanto a la ocupación durante el confinamiento, el impacto psicológico o la tendencia al contagio. Es imprescindible introducir recursos para el cuidado de la salud mental, especialmente en PS.(AU)
ABSTRACT
Objective: to explore the effects of lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyles of the overall population and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Non-probability snowball sampling was conducted through WhatsApp. After the pilot survey, an ad-hoc questionnaire was distributed on sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables during lockdown. The parametric tests used for analysis were Student-Fishers t and Pearsons Chi-squared test, and odds ratio with CI95%. Results: the study included 184 HCPs and 460 non-HCPs. The median age of the sample was 40.4 (SD: 12.8) years, they were mostly women (66.9%) with university education (65.8%). More HCPs had positive test results for COVID-19, OR= 17.1 (9.1-32.1) or symptoms compatible with COVID-19, OR= 2.1 (1.4-3.1). The psychological impact of lockdown was higher in HCPs, OR= 1.5 (1.0-2.1). There were no significant differences in the activities carried out during quarantine, except for telework (p< 0.001). The degree of concern self-reported by 68.0% of the non-HCP population was Very concerned and Highly concerned, similarly to HCPs (65.8%) (p= 0.218). Healthy lifestyles were maintained during lockdown, except for physical exercise which was worse in both groups (66.3% of HCPs and 66.4% of non-HCPs). Smoking and/or alcohol intake increased between 20 and 30% in both groups. Conclusions: changes were perceived among HCPs and non-HCPs regarding occupation during lockdown, psychological impact or tendency to get infected. It is essential to introduce resources for mental healthcare, particularly for HCPs.(AU)
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
06-national
/
ES
Database:
IBECS
Main subject:
Population
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Social Isolation
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Burnout, Professional
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Quarantine
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Health Personnel
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Coronavirus Infections
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
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Pandemics
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Healthy Lifestyle
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Burnout, Psychological
Limits:
Female
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Humans
/
Male
Language:
Es
Journal:
Metas enferm
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article