Stereotactic body radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer patients with oligometastatic disease: a real world study

ABSTRACT

Purpose Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a treatment modality with curative intent for oligometastatic cancer patients, commonly defined by a low-burden metastatic disease with 1–5 systemic metastases. Better knowledge of the clinical profile and prognostic factors in oligometastatic cancer patients could help to improve the selection of candidates who may obtain most benefits from SBRT. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical data and outcome in term of overall survival (OS) of patients with oligometastatic disease treated with SBRT over a 6-year period. Methods From 2013 to 2018, 284 solid tumor cancer patients with 1–5 oligometastases underwent SBRT at a large university-affiliated oncological center in Barcelona, Spain. Variables related to the patient profile, tumor, oligometastatic disease, and treatment were evaluated. Results A total of 327 metastatic tumors were treated with SBRT. In 65.5% of cases, metachronous tumors were diagnosed at least 1 year after diagnosis of the primary tumor. The median age of the patients was 73.9 years and 66.5% were males. The median follow-up was 37.5 months. The most common primary tumors were lung and colorectal cancer, with lung and bone as the most commonly treated metastatic sites. Ninety-three percent of patients showed a Karnofsky score (KPS) between 80 and 100. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type. The median overall survival was 53.4 months, with 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rates of 90.5%, 73.9% and 43.4%, respectively. Overall survival rates of breast (67.6 months, 95% CI 56.4–78.9), urological (63.3 months, 95% CI 55.8–70.8), and colorectal (50.8 months, 95% CI 44.2–57.4) tumors were higher as compared with other malignancies (20 months, 95% CI 11.2–28.8 months) (p < 0.001) (AU)