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Deterioro cognitivo en el paciente mayor con estenosis aórtica grave sintomática. Toma de decisiones terapéuticas e impacto sobre la mortalidad al año / Cognitive impairment in the elderly patient with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Therapeutic decisions and impact on one-year mortality
Solla, P; Díaz, R; Valle, R del; Moreno, C; Almendarez, M; López, E; Álvarez, R; Tassa, C. Morís-de la; Gutiérrez, J; Herrer, J.
Affiliation
  • Solla, P; s.af
  • Díaz, R; s.af
  • Valle, R del; s.af
  • Moreno, C; s.af
  • Almendarez, M; s.af
  • López, E; s.af
  • Álvarez, R; s.af
  • Tassa, C. Morís-de la; s.af
  • Gutiérrez, J; s.af
  • Herrer, J; s.af
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(4): 127-135, Feb 16, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-216041
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES15.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN

Introducción:

El tratamiento intervencionista de la estenosis aórtica grave incluye el recambio valvular mediante cirugía o vía transcatéter –implante transcatéter de la válvula aórtica (TAVI)–. Para realizar una adecuada selección y descartar pacientes con escaso/nulo beneficio terapéutico, se recomienda evaluar las comorbilidades, la fragilidad y el deterioro cognitivo.

Objetivos:

a) Determinar la prevalencia de deterioro cognitivo en pacientes mayores con estenosis aórtica grave; b) analizar su influencia en la toma de decisiones (cirugía, TAVI o tratamiento conservador), y c) analizar su impacto sobre la mortalidad al año. Material y métodos. Estudio epidemiológico longitudinal y prospectivo sobre pacientes de 75 años o más con estenosis aórtica grave atendidos por el Heart-Team. Variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, cardiológicas, funcionales y mentales; deterioro cognitivo evaluado aplicando el Minimental State Examination (MMSE).

Resultados:

Incluimos a 300 pacientes en el estudio (83,99 ± 4,02 años; 61,2%, mujeres). Prevalencia de deterioro cognitivo del 15,3%, que se asoció con el nivel de albúmina –odds ratio (OR) 0,082; p = 0,011– y las puntuaciones en los índices de Barthel (OR 0,962; p = 0,02) y Lawton (OR 0,787; p = 0,025). En el 24,7% de los casos se decidió cirugía; en el 63,3%, TAVI; y en el 12%, tratamiento conservador. Esta decisión se asoció con la puntuación en los índices de Barthel (OR 0,93; p = 0,012) y Lawton (OR 0,678; p = 0,014), la Short Physical Performance Battery (OR 0,75; p = 0,037) y el MMSE (OR 0,691; p < 0,001). La mortalidad al año fue del 14%, superior en los pacientes con puntuaciones en el MMSE <24 (23,5% frente a 12,8%; p = 0,094).

Conclusiones:

El deterioro cognitivo es un síndrome geriátrico muy frecuente en pacientes mayores con estenosis aórtica grave que se asocia con incapacidad funcional en las actividades de la vida diaria...(AU)
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Interventional treatment of severe aortic stenosis includes valve replacement by surgery or transcatheter – transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). In order to make an adequate selection and to rule out patients with little/no therapeutic benefit, it is recommended to assess comorbidities, frailty and cognitive impairment.

Aims:

a) To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in older patients with severe aortic stenosis; b) to analyse its influence on decision-making (surgery, TAVI or conservative treatment); and c) to analyse its impact on mortality at one year. Material and

methods:

Prospective, longitudinal epidemiological study of patients aged 75 years and older with severe aortic stenosis treated by the Heart-Team. Variables sociodemographic, clinical, cardiological, functional and mental variables; cognitive impairment assessed by applying the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Results:

We included 300 patients in the study (83.99 ± 4.02 years old; 61.2%, women). Prevalence of cognitive impairment of 15.3%, which was associated with albumin level – odds ratio (OR) 0.082; p = 0.011 – and Barthel (OR 0.962; p = 0.02) and Lawton (OR 0.787; p = 0.025) index scores. Surgery was chosen in 24.7% of cases; TAVI in 63.3%; and conservative treatment in 12%. This decision was associated with the score on the Barthel (OR 0.93; p = 0.012) and Lawton indices (OR 0.678; p = 0.014), the Short Physical Performance Battery (OR 0.75; p = 0.037) and the MMSE (OR 0.691; p < 0.001). Mortality at one year was 14%, and higher in patients with MMSE scores <24 (23.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.094).

Conclusions:

Cognitive impairment is a very common geriatric syndrome in older patients with severe aortic stenosis that is associated with functional disability in activities of daily living. Cognitive impairment has a high impact on decision-making and appears to be a variable associated with increased mortality.(AU)
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Aortic Valve Stenosis / Therapeutics / Mortality / Decision Making / Dementia / Cognitive Dysfunction Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2023 Document type: Article

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Aortic Valve Stenosis / Therapeutics / Mortality / Decision Making / Dementia / Cognitive Dysfunction Limits: Aged / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2023 Document type: Article
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