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Insights from behavioral economics to characterize substance use involvement in adolescents: a cluster analysis / La economía conductual para caracterizar el uso de drogas en adolescentes: análisis de cluster
González-Roz, Alba; Suárez-Martínez, Itziar; Aonso-Diego, Gema; Martínez-Loredo, Víctor; Secades-Villa, Roberto.
Affiliation
  • González-Roz, Alba; University of Oviedo. Department of Psychology. Oviedo. Spain
  • Suárez-Martínez, Itziar; University of Oviedo. Department of Psychology. Oviedo. Spain
  • Aonso-Diego, Gema; University of Oviedo. Department of Psychology. Oviedo. Spain
  • Martínez-Loredo, Víctor; University of Oviedo. Department of Psychology. Oviedo. Spain
  • Secades-Villa, Roberto; University of Oviedo. Department of Psychology. Oviedo. Spain
Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc ; 8(2): 37-43, May. 2021. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-218337
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES15.1 - BNCS
ABSTRACT
Reinforcement pathology (RP), a framework rooted in behavioral economics, has contributed to advances in the etiology and treatment of substanceuse. Drug demand and delay discounting (DD) have gained considerable interest, as they inform on the risk for escalation to substance use as well astreatment-specific targets. No prior study conducted in Spain has explored the interplay of demand and DD in adolescents. This study was aimed to 1)identify whether DD and alcohol demand can yield empirically driven subgroups, and 2) examine differences in substance use involvement. The samplecomprised 107 (% females = 54.2) adolescents (M=15.46, SD=1.25) from a high school in Asturias (Spain). Participants filled out an ad-hoc surveyon substance use over the prior 30 days and one year. A 20-item alcohol purchase task (APT) was used to assess the reinforcing value of alcohol. The21-item Monetary Choice Questionnaire evaluated impulsive choice. Two subgroups emerged Cluster 1 (n = 72) and Cluster 2 (n = 35). Participants inC2 consistently showed higher impulsivity and demand for alcohol, signifying lower responsiveness to alcohol pricing. As compared to C1, those in C2had a higher prevalence of past-month substance use [C1 26/72 (36.1%) vs. C2 33/35 (94.3%), p <.001], and a greater frequency of drunkenness[p <.001] and binge drinking episodes [p <.001]. RP differentiate between subgroups of adolescent substance users with patterns of more versus lesssubstance use involvement. The existence of specific drug use subpopulations should be considered when designing environmental preventive policies.(AU)
RESUMEN
La patología del refuerzo (PR), basada en la economíaconductual, ha contribuido al avance de la etiología y el tratamiento de drogas. La demanda y el descuento por demora (DD) informan sobre el incrementoen el consumo y los objetivos de tratamiento. Ningún estudio realizado en España ha examinado la interacción entre ambas variables en adolescentes.Los objetivos fueron 1) identificar si el DD y la demanda de alcohol pueden identificar distintos subgrupos y, 2) examinar sus diferencias en el consumode sustancias. La muestra incluyó 107 (% mujeres = 54,2) adolescentes (M =15,46, DT =1,25) de enseñanza obligatoria en Asturias (España). Se evaluóel consumo de drogas en los últimos 30 días y el último año. El poder reforzante del alcohol se evaluó mediante una tarea de compra de 20 ítems (APT).La toma de decisiones impulsiva se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario de Elección Monetaria. Se identificaron dos subgrupos Grupo 1 (n = 72) y Grupo2 (n = 35). El Grupo 2 mostró una demanda e impulsividad más elevada, indicando menor sensibilidad a incrementos en el precio. Comparado con elGrupo 1, el 2 obtuvo una prevalencia más elevada de consumo en el último mes [G1 26/72 (36,1%) vs. G2 33/35 (94,3%), p <,001], mayor frecuenciade borracheras (p <,001) y episodios de consumo intensivo de alcohol (p <,001). La PR permite caracterizar e identificar grupos con distintos patronesde consumo de sustancias. La existencia de distintos perfiles debería ser considerada a la hora de desarrollar políticas preventivas.(AU)
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations / Substance-Related Disorders / Economics, Behavioral / Delay Discounting / Underage Drinking Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc Year: 2021 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: University of Oviedo/Spain

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations / Substance-Related Disorders / Economics, Behavioral / Delay Discounting / Underage Drinking Limits: Adolescent / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Europa Language: English Journal: Rev. psicol. clín. niños adolesc Year: 2021 Document type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: University of Oviedo/Spain
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