Risk Investigation and Analysis of Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Patients with Advanced Kidney Cancer: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status of patients with advanced kidney cancer and analyse the risk factors for malnutrition in such patients. Methods: The study selected the clinical data of 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer who were admitted to Qingdao Jiaozhou Central Hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 for a retrospective analysis. The Subjective Global Assessment of Nutrition scale was used to evaluate the nutritional status of all research subjects. Patients’ baseline data, such as gender, age and clinical classifications, and laboratory indicators, such as albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were collected, and multivariate logistic regression was used to screen the independent risk factors for malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer. Results: A total of 78 (76.00%) individuals among the 103 patients with advanced kidney cancer had malnutrition. The results of univariate analysis showed marked differences in the age, body mass index (BMI), albumin, haemoglobin, CRP, diabetes, anorexia and family monthly income of patients of the good nutrition and malnutrition groups (p < 0.05). The results of logistic regression showed that age ≥65 years old (odds ratio (OR) = 29.187), albumin <40 g/L (OR = 0.025), haemoglobin <110 g/L (OR = 0.049), the presence of diabetes (OR = 28.138), the presence of anorexia (OR = 98.739), BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (OR = 0.024) and CRP <3 mg/L (OR = 24.819) were independent influencing factors of malnutrition in the patients with advanced kidney cancer (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer is relatively high. Therefore, the understanding of malnutrition in such patients in clinical work must be fortified, and attention should be paid to screening the above risk factors and implementing active measures in nutrition therapy to reduce the risk of malnutrition in patients with advanced kidney cancer and prolong their survival time (AU)