Oral mucositis. Is it present in the immunotherapy of the immune checkpoint pd1/pd-l1 against oral cancer? A systematic review / Mucositis bucal. ¿Está presente en la inmunoterapia del punto de control inmunológico pd1/pd-l1 contra el cáncer oral? Una revisión sistemática

ABSTRACT

Background: Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful lesion that takes place in the mucosa of the oral cavity, usually itsetiology is associated with drug therapies in cancer patients. It is presented as well-defined ulcers whose painfulsymptomatology sometimes implies the suspension of oncological treatment or parenteral feeding, being there-fore an important adverse effect, marking the evolution of these types of therapies against cancer. The presentwork aim is to know the prevalence of oral mucositis in oral cancer immunotherapy compared to its prevalencein standard therapy.Material and Methods: A protocol was developed for a systematic review following PRISMA® guidelines and afocused question (PICO) was constructed. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on electronic data-bases including PubMed, the SCOPUS database, the Cochrane library and the Web of Science (WOS).Results: Six clinical trials were included that met the different inclusion criteria. In these articles, a discrepancybetween the prevalence of OM in patients treated with chemotherapy and patients treated with immunotherapyrelated to the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 (Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab) was observed. Conclusions: The prevalence of oral mucositis is lower in new immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies againstoral cancer than drugs used so far (chemotherapy drugs [methotrexate, cisplatin] as well as cetuximab). However,more studies should be carried out to confirm these data.(AU)