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Variabilidad de la expresión clínica de la encefalopatía KCNB1 / Variability of the clinical expression of KCNB1 encephalopathy
Púa-Torrejón, R. C; González-Alguacil, E; Soto-Insuga, V; Moreno-Cantero, T; Ortiz-Cabrera, N. V; Pérez-Poyato, M. S; Ruiz-Falcó-Rojas, M. L; García-Peñas, J. J.
Affiliation
  • Púa-Torrejón, R. C; s.af
  • González-Alguacil, E; s.af
  • Soto-Insuga, V; s.af
  • Moreno-Cantero, T; s.af
  • Ortiz-Cabrera, N. V; s.af
  • Pérez-Poyato, M. S; s.af
  • Ruiz-Falcó-Rojas, M. L; s.af
  • García-Peñas, J. J; s.af
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(12): 403-408, Dic 16, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-229609
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES15.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN

Introducción:

El gen KCNB1 codifica un canal de potasio dependiente del voltaje que regula corrientes transmembrana en las neuronas piramidales. Variantes en heterocigosis se han asociado recientemente con encefalopatías epilépticas de inicio precoz y discapacidad intelectual, pero su caracterización clínica no está completamente definida.

Objetivo:

Describir el espectro clínico asociado con variantes de KCNB1 en pacientes pediátricos. Pacientes y

métodos:

Estudio retrospectivo de cuatro pacientes procedentes de tres familias con encefalopatía KCNB1, analizando características clínicas y electroencefalográficas de la epilepsia, manifestaciones neurológicas asociadas y patrón de neurodesarrollo.

Resultados:

En dos, la mutación en KCNB1 fue de novo; las otras dos, hermanas, heredaron la variante de un progenitor con mosaicismo germinal. Todos presentaban discapacidad intelectual leve-moderada; dos pacientes, trastorno del espectro autista; y otros dos, trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad. Sólo el caso 2 mostro´ alteraciones en la resonancia magnética cerebral atrofia cortical evolutiva. Tres desarrollaron epilepsia (casos 1-3). Caso 1 inicio a los 9,5 meses con síndrome de West bien controlado con vigabatrina y zonisamida. Caso 2 inicio a los 13 meses con síndrome de West; desarrollo evolutivo de crisis polimorfas (atónicas, hipermotoras, disautonómicas y tónicas) refractarias a 10 fármacos antiepilépticos y corticoides. Asocio´ trastorno del movimiento caracterizado por ataxia, discinesias y temblor. Caso 3 inicio a los 14,5 años con crisis atónicas, patrón multifocal en el electroencefalograma y adecuado control con levetiracetam.

Conclusiones:

La encefalopatía KCNB1 presenta una evolución natural heterogénea, principalmente respecto a la epilepsia, y se observan desde pacientes con epilepsia refractaria hasta pacientes sin crisis epilépticas...(AU)
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The KCNB1 gene encodes a voltage-dependent potassium channel that regulates transmembrane currents in pyramidal neurons. Heterozygous variants have recently been associated with early-onset epileptic encephalopathies and intellectual disability, but their clinical characterisation has not yet been fully defined.

Aim:

To describe the clinical spectrum associated with variants of KCNB1 in paediatric patients. Patients and methods. Retrospective study of four patients from three families with KCNB1 encephalopathy, including an analysis of the clinical and electroencephalographic features of epilepsy, associated neurological manifestations and neurodevelopmental pattern.

Results:

In two of them, the mutation in KCNB1 was de novo; the other two, who were sisters, inherited the variant from a parent with germline mosaicism. All had mild-to-moderate intellectual disability, two patients had autistic spectrum disorder and two had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Only case 2 displayed alterations in the MRI brain scan progressive cortical atrophy. Three of them developed epilepsy (cases 1-3). Case 1 onset at 9.5 months with West syndrome that was well controlled with vigabatrine and zonisamide. Case 2 onset at 13 months with West syndrome, evolutionary development of polymorphic seizures (atonic, hypermotor, dysautonomic and tonic) that were refractory to 10 antiepileptic drugs and corticosteroids. Accompanied by a movement disorder characterised by ataxia, dyskinesias and tremor. Case 3 onset at 14.5 years with atonic seizures, multifocal EEG pattern and adequate control with levetiracetam.

Conclusions:

KCNB1 encephalopathy has a heterogeneous natural history, mainly with respect to epilepsy, ranging from patients with refractory epilepsy to patients without any epileptic seizures. All had neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, independent of epilepsy.(AU)
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Genetic Variation / Brain Diseases / Gene Expression / Medical Records / Shab Potassium Channels Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2021 Document type: Article

Full text: Available Collection: National databases / Spain Database: IBECS Main subject: Genetic Variation / Brain Diseases / Gene Expression / Medical Records / Shab Potassium Channels Limits: Child / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2021 Document type: Article
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