Consumo de drogas al ingreso en prisión: comparación entre población española y extranjera / Drug use when entering prison: comparison between the spanish and foreing prison inmate population

RESUMEN

Fundamento Hay pocos trabajos que comparen las pautas de consumo de drogas entre población autóctona e inmigranteen medio penitenciario.Método: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo. Se compara población española e inmigrantes que ingresan por primera vezen prisión entre 01-01-2005 y 31-12-2005. Se recogen variables descriptoras sociodemográficas y de hábitos tóxicos duranteel último mes previo a su entrada en prisión. Se utiliza la c2 para comparar variables cualitativas y la T de Student para lascuantitativas, con posterior regresión logística binaria para calcular Odds Ratio en las que resultaron estadísticamente significativas.Resultados: 246 incluidos, 230 (93,5%) hombres. 89 (36%) españoles y 157 (64%) inmigrantes. Edad media 31,9 años(IC95% 30,6-33,1), mayor en los españoles (33,9 vs 30,7; p=0,023).Fuman menos los españoles (79, 40,9%) que los extranjeros (114, 59,1%) p=0,003 y beben menos alcohol (51, 42,5% vs69, 57,5%), p=0,044.El consumo de heroína, cocaína, cánnabis, drogas de síntesis y benzodiacepinas no prescritas, por separado o en combinaciónera admitido por 68 individuos, 44 (64,7%) españoles y 24 (35,3%) extranjeros (OR 5,4 ; IC95% 2,9-9,9 ; p<0,0001).La única que no muestra diferencias en el consumo entre los dos colectivos son las drogas de síntesis 5 (5,6%) vs 2 (1,3%).(OR 4,6; IC95% 0,8-24,3; p=0,07).La vía venosa era poco utilizada y más por los españoles 3 (3,4%) vs 0 (0%) (p=0,02).Conclusiones: Los nuevos ingresos en prisiones son mayoritariamente extranjeros. Los españoles tienen más edad. Losespañoles consumen más drogas ilegales, mientras que los extranjeros consumen más drogas de aceptación social (AU)

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There are few studies comparing drug use behaviours between the local and immigrant prison populations.Method: Descriptive and prospective study. Comparisons were made between the Spanish and foreign population ofprisoners who entered prison for the first time between 01/01/2005 and 31/12/2005. Socio-demographic descriptive variableswere attained along with data about drug use in the month prior to entry into prison. c2 was used to compare qualitativevariables and Student’s t distribution for quantitative ones. Posterior binary logistic regression was used for calculatingthe Odds Ration for statistically significant variables.Results: 246 individuals were included, 230 (93.5%) were men. 89 (36%) were Spanish and 157 (64%) foreigners. Theaverage age was 31.9 (IC95% 30.6-33.1). The average age was higher amongst Spanish inmates (33.9 vs. 30.7; p=0.023).Spanish inmates smoked less (79, 40.9%) than foreigners (114, 59.1%) p=0.003 and consumed less alcohol (51, 42.5%vs. 69, 57.5%), p=0.044.The use of heroin, cocaine, designer drugs and non-prescribed benzodiazepines, individually or in combinations, wasadmitted to by 68 individuals, 44 (64.7%) of whom were Spanish, and 24 (35.3%) were foreigners (OR 5.4, IC95% 2.9-9.9, p>0.0001). The only consumption type where no significant difference between the two groups could be seen was in “designerdrug” use 5 (5.6%) vs. 2 (1.3%). (OR 4.6, IC95% 0.8-24.3, p=0.07).IVD use was rare and more common amongst Spanish inmates 3 (3.4%) vs. 0 (0%) (p=0.02).Conclusions: Foreigners make up the majority of the recent intake into prison. Spanish prisoners are older. Spanish inmatesconsume more illegal drugs, while foreign prisoners consume more socially accepted drugs (AU)