Factores asociados al conocimiento y el control de la hipertensión arterial en Canarias / Factors associated with knowledge and control of arterial hypertension in the Canary Islands
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.)
; 65(3): 234-240, mar. 2012. tab
Article
in Spanish
| IBECS
| ID: ibc-97727
Responsible library:
ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
RESUMEN
Introducción y objetivos. Analizar los factores asociados al conocimiento y el control de la hipertensión arterial en la población adulta de Canarias. Métodos. Se reclutó aleatoriamente una muestra de población general adulta (18-75 años). Se consideró hipertensión la presión arterial sistólica/diastólica >= 140/90mmHg; hipertensión conocida, la declaración de padecerla e hipertensión controlada, valores < 140/90mmHg. La asociación bivariable del conocimiento y el control de la hipertensión con edad, sexo, antropometría, lípidos séricos y estilo de vida se ajustó posteriormente por edad y sexo en un modelo logístico multivariable. Resultados. Se incluyó a 6.675 participantes. Entre los varones hay mayor prevalencia de hipertensión (el 40 frente al 31%; p < 0,001), pero menos frecuencia de tratamiento y control. El sexo femenino (p < 0,001), la edad ≥ 55 años (p < 0,001), la obesidad (p < 0,001) y la diabetes mellitus (p < 0,001) se asocian directamente con la hipertensión conocida. Los factores modificables que, pese al tratamiento, incrementaban el riesgo de mal control son consumo de alcohol (odds ratio [OR] = 2,4 si alcohol > 30g/día [p < 0,001]; OR = 2 si 15 < alcohol ≤ 30g/día [p = 0,009]; OR = 1,83 si 5 < alcohol ≤ 15g/día [p = 0,004]), obesidad (OR = 2 si índice masa corporal >= 30 [p = 0,003]; OR = 1,7 si 24,9 < índice masa corporal < 30 [p = 0,024]), colesterol sérico > 250mg/dl (OR = 1,6; p = 0,006) y frecuencia cardiaca elevada (OR = 1,45 si frecuencia > 80 lat/min [p = 0,045]; OR = 1,36 si 70 < frecuencia <= 80 lat/min [p = 0,038]). Conclusiones. El conocimiento de la hipertensión aumenta con la frecuentación del sistema sanitario y los factores asociados a ello sexo femenino, edad y sufrir problemas de salud. Los factores modificables que incrementan el mal control de la hipertensión conocida son consumo de alcohol, obesidad, frecuencia cardiaca elevada e hipercolesterolemia (AU)
ABSTRACT
Introduction and objectives. To analyze the factors associated with knowledge and control of hypertension in the adult population of the Canary Islands (18-75 years). Methods. We recruited a random sample of the general population aged ≥18 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure >=140/90mmHg or known hypertension (self-declared, or controlled hypertension <140/90mmHg). The bivariate association of known and controlled hypertension with age, sex, anthropometry, serum lipids, medication, and lifestyle was corroborated by adjusting a multivariate logistic model. Results. We included 6675 participants. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in men (40% vs 31%, P<.001), who also had a lower frequency of treated and controlled hypertension. Female sex (P<.001), age ≥55 years (P<.001), obesity (P<.001), and diabetes (P<.001) were associated with known hypertension. The modifiable factors that, in spite of treatment, increased the risk of poor control of hypertension were alcohol consumption (>30g/day, odds ratio [OR]=2.4, P<.001; >15-≤30g/day, OR=2, P=.009; >5-≤15, g/day, OR=1.83, P=.004), obesity (body mass index ≥30, OR=2, P=.003; >24.9-<30, OR=1.7, P=.024), serum cholesterol >250mg/dL (OR=1.6, P=.006) and elevated heart rate (>80 bpm, OR=1.45, P=.045; >70-<=80 bpm, OR=1.36, P=.038). Conclusions. The awareness of hypertension increases with frequent use of the health system and with factors associated with known hypertension female sex, age, underlying health problems. The modifiable factors associated with poor control of known hypertension are alcohol consumption, obesity, elevated heart rate, and hypercholesterolemia (AU)
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Collection:
National databases
/
Spain
Health context:
Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas
/
SDG3 - Health and Well-Being
/
SDG3 -Target 3.5 Prevention and treatment of consumption of psychoactive substances
Health problem:
Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health
/
Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases
/
Alcohol
Database:
IBECS
Main subject:
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
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Risk Factors
/
Heart Rate
/
Hypercholesterolemia
/
Hypertension
/
Obesity
Type of study:
Controlled clinical trial
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Etiology study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Europa
Language:
Spanish
Journal:
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.)
Year:
2012
Document type:
Article
Institution/Affiliation country:
Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria/España
/
Universidad de La Laguna/España