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Tétano acidental no Estado do Ceará, entre 2002 e 2005 / Accidental tetanus in the State of Ceará, between 2002 and 2005
Feijão, Alexsandra Rodrigues; Brito, Daniele Mary Silva de; Peres, Dalila Augusto; Galvão, Marli Teresinha Gimeniz.
Affiliation
  • Feijão, Alexsandra Rodrigues; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas. Fortaleza. BR
  • Brito, Daniele Mary Silva de; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas. Fortaleza. BR
  • Peres, Dalila Augusto; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas. Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica. Fortaleza. BR
  • Galvão, Marli Teresinha Gimeniz; Universidade Federal do Ceará. Fortaleza. BR
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 40(4): 426-430, jul.-ago. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-460249
Responsible library: BR1.1
RESUMO
Descrevem-se as características demográficas e clínicas de indivíduos com tétano acidental no Ceará. Analisou-se, retrospectivamente, 131 casos de tétano acidental notificados em hospital de referência estadual entre 2002 e 2005. Destes, a maioria (84,8 por cento) ocorreu entre homens e em moradores da zona urbana (93,2 por cento). A faixa etária com maior incidência foi a de 35 a 49 anos (35,2 por cento). História vacinal completa esteve relatada em quatro (3 por cento) casos, sendo ferimento perfurocortante o mais observado, e os membros inferiores os mais acometidos. O trismo esteve relacionado a 86,2 por cento dos casos, seguido por contraturas (54,1 por cento). Entre os notificados houve 95,5 por cento confirmados, cujo óbito incidiu em 33 (26,4 por cento) pacientes. Conclui-se que o tétano acidental no Ceará atinge a população de maneira expressiva, apesar de ser uma doença imunoprevinível. Urge autoridades e órgãos gestores da saúde programarem estratégias que visem mudanças de políticas públicas relacionadas à cobertura vacinal dos susceptíveis, principalmente adultos.
ABSTRACT
The demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with accidental tetanus in Ceará are described. This was retrospective analysis of 131 cases of accidental tetanus notified in a state referral hospital between 2002 and 2005. Most of these cases (84. 8 percent) occurred among men and among people living in the urban zone (93. 2 percent). The age group with highest incidence was between 35 and 49 years old (35. 2 percent). A complete vaccination history was reported in four (3 percent) cases. Puncturing/cutting wounds were the cause most commonly observed and the legs were the area most affected. Trismus (lockjaw) was reported in 86. 2 percent of the cases, followed by muscle contractions (54. 1 percent). Among the notified cases, 95. 5 percent were confirmed and 33 patients (26. 4 percent) died. We conclude that accidental tetanus in Ceará significantly affects the population, in spite of being a disease that is preventable by immunization. The health authorities and health administration entities are urged to program strategies that aim towards changes in public policies concerning the vaccination coverage for susceptible individuals, particularly adults.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Tetanus / Wounds and Injuries Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2007 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas/BR / Universidade Federal do Ceará/BR
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Tetanus / Wounds and Injuries Type of study: Etiology study / Incidence study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Child / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop Journal subject: Tropical Medicine Year: 2007 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas/BR / Universidade Federal do Ceará/BR
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