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Leyes que prohíben fumar en espacios cerrados en México / Laws that ban smoking in indoor places in Mexico
Valdés-Salgado, Raydel; Ávila-Tang, Érika; Stillman, Frances A; Wipfli, Heather; Samet, Jonathan M.
Affiliation
  • Valdés-Salgado, Raydel; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Department of Epidemiology. US
  • Ávila-Tang, Érika; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Department of Epidemiology. US
  • Stillman, Frances A; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Department of Epidemiology. US
  • Wipfli, Heather; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Department of Epidemiology. US
  • Samet, Jonathan M; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Institute for Global Tobacco Control. Department of Epidemiology. US
Salud pública Méx ; 50(supl.3): s334-s342, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-485665
Responsible library: BR1.1
RESUMEN
Recientemente México aprobó una ley federal y otra en la capital del país que prohíben fumar en espacios cerrados. Estas medidas legislativas están en plena concordancia con las acciones propuestas en el Artículo 8 del Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que México ratificó en 2004. En este ensayo se revisa la evidencia científica que demuestra que la exposición al humo de tabaco causa enfermedades crónicas y agudas en niños y adultos no fumadores. Toda exposición al humo de tabaco es dañina, por lo tanto sólo la creación de espacios 100 por ciento libres de humo de tabaco, tal como lo plantean las nuevas leyes, constituye una intervención efectiva para proteger a la población. Este tipo de medidas se asocian con impactos positivos para la salud, como la reducción de la prevalencia de fumadores y del número de cigarrillos fumados diariamente, así como incremento en las tasas de cesación. En este texto, también proveemos evidencia de disminución de síntomas respiratorios agudos y de hospitalizaciones por infarto agudo del miocardio. Los principales argumentos de la industria tabacalera son desmentidos con ejemplos bien documentados de que no hay pérdidas económicas causadas por este tipo de medidas y de que la prohibición de fumar es aceptada por la población. Con las leyes aprobadas, el control del tabaco en México se ha fortalecido y entre los retos futuros están la implementación, evaluación y vigilancia del cumplimiento de la prohibición, así como otras leyes similares en los estados.
ABSTRACT
Recently Mexico passed federal and state-level laws banning smoking in indoor spaces. These actions are totally in accordance with measures proposed in the WHO-FCTC’s article 8, ratified by Mexico in 2004. This essay reviews scientific evidence that secondhand smoke causes both chronic and acute diseases among non smokers, children and adults. There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke, so the only effective intervention to protect Mexican people from such harmful exposure is by promoting 100 percent smoke free indoor air, as the two new laws do. Total banning of smoking is associated with reduction in smoking prevalence, amount of cigarette smoked per day, and an increase in cessation rates. Reductions in acute respiratory symptoms and hospitalization of acute myocardial infarction have been also reported. Well documented examples show that main tobacco industry arguments against smoke free policy negative economic impact and lack of support from the public, are unjustified. These two laws strengthen the Mexican tobacco control program. Next steps include their implementation, evaluation, enforcement of compliance and encouragement for similar laws at state level.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Target 3A Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Non-price Measures / Protection from Exposure / Target 3.9: Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil Database: LILACS Main subject: Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Smoking Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Salud pública Méx Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Document type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/US
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Target 3A Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Non-price Measures / Protection from Exposure / Target 3.9: Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil Database: LILACS Main subject: Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Smoking Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Country/Region as subject: Mexico Language: Spanish Journal: Salud pública Méx Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2008 Document type: Article / Project document Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/US
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