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Albinismo oculocutáneo: alteraciones visuales, oculares y manejo optométrico / Oculocutaneous albinism: visual and ocular alterations and optometric management
Molina Montoya, Nancy Piedad.
Affiliation
  • Molina Montoya, Nancy Piedad; Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud. Bogota. CO
Investig. andin ; 13(23): 324-337, sept. 2011. ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-595421
Responsible library: CO219.2
RESUMEN

Introducción:

en el albinismo oculocutáneo se presentan desórdenes autosómicos recesivos que cursan con hipo pigmentación del cabello, piel y ojos. En este artículo se recopilan alteraciones visuales, oculares y principios de rehabilitación visual.

Metodología:

búsqueda de artículos en PUBMED donde se utilizan los términos MeSH “oculocutaneous albinism”, “refractive error”, “visual and ocular alterations”, “low visión” y “retina”. Se eligieron 41 artículos coherentes con los objetivos del artículo.

Resultados:

hay identificados cuatro tipos de AOC con prevalencia general de117.000 aproximadamente. Las Alteraciones visuales frecuentes son agudeza visual disminuida, fotofobia, nistagmus, estrabismo, errores refractivos altos, hipo pigmentación o translucencia del iris, fotofobia, hipoplasia fóvea, alteración de ruta de fibras del nervio óptico y de estereopsis. El Manejo visual implica corrección de errores refractivos, manejo de fotofobia, deslumbramiento y adaptación de ayudas de baja visión.

Conclusiones:

es importante que el optómetra conozca el adecuado manejo y oportuna remisión de estos pacientes.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

the oculocutáneous albinism is a group of autosomic recessive disorders related to the failure in the melanin biosynthesis characterized by a generalized reduction in pigmentation of hair, skin and eyes. This article summarizes visual and ocular vision alterations and rehabilitation principles in these patients.

Methods:

a systematic review was made in PUBMED with MeSH Terms “oculocutaneous albinism”, “refractive error”, “visual and ocular alterations”, “low vision” y “retina”. 41 articles were selected by their coherence with the purpose of the article.

Results:

four types of Albinism have been identified, with an approximate general prevalence of 117.000. The visual and ocular alterations are reduced visual acuteness, photophobia, nistagmus, strabismus, high refractive error, lack ofpigmentation or iris translucency, photophobia, fovea hypoplasia of variabledegree, misrouting of the optical nerve fibers and low stereopsis among others. The visual management for the albino patients implies the correction of refractive error, the decrease of the photophobia and dazzle and the professional adjustment of low vision aids, taking into account the needs and expectations of the patient.

Conclusions:

it is very important for the optometrist to be aware of the appropriate handling and timely referral of these patients, given the visual and ocular anomaliesrelated to albinism.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Visual Acuity / Albinism / Vision, Low Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors / Systematic review Limits: Humans Language: English / Spanish Journal: Investig. andin Journal subject: Nutritional Sciences / Public Health Year: 2011 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de La Salle/CO
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: LILACS Main subject: Visual Acuity / Albinism / Vision, Low Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors / Systematic review Limits: Humans Language: English / Spanish Journal: Investig. andin Journal subject: Nutritional Sciences / Public Health Year: 2011 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de La Salle/CO
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