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Determinación de parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos de la chicha en Bogotá / Determination of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the "Chicha" drink in Bogota
Beltrán, Edgar Hernán; Goméz-Silva, Rocio; Mora, Diana Marcela; Obando, Diana Carolina.
Affiliation
  • Beltrán, Edgar Hernán; Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá. Laboratorio de Salud Pública. Bogotá. CO
  • Goméz-Silva, Rocio; Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá. Laboratorio de Salud Pública. Bogotá. CO
  • Mora, Diana Marcela; Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia. Bogotá. CO
  • Obando, Diana Carolina; Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Bogotá, Colombia. Bogotá. CO
Investig. segur. soc. salud ; 11: 43-51, 2009. tab
Article in Es | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-610087
Responsible library: CO283.1
RESUMEN
Introducción y

objetivo:

En el laboratorio de salud pública de la Secretaría Distrital de salud se realizó el estudio de caracterización de la bebida fermentada denominada Chicha durante el l Festival de la Chicha, el Maíz y la Dicha, con objeto de evaluar sus parámetros fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos y determinar su inocuidad para la salud del consumidor.

Método:

Se colectaron 49 muestras, a las que se hicieron análisis microbiológicos y fisicoquímicos.

Resultados:

El análisis microbiológico arrojó un 3,9% de muestras negativas para coliformes fecales; un 93,9% negativas para Bacillus cereus; un 100% negativas para salmonella, y de un 42,9% para mohos. El pH obtuvo un valor medio de 3,44 y el grado alcohólico promedio fue de 3,35%, con valor máximo de 5,2%. En ninguna de las muestras analizadas se detectaron trazas de metanol.

Discusión:

El punto óptimo de fermentación de la bebida se obtiene entre 15 y 20 días de desarrollo, con contenidos de etanol alrededor de 4%. Por lo tanto, la bebida no debe expenderse para consumo antes de 15 días de proceso de fermentación. Así, la bebida es inocua para el consumidor; siempre y cuando sea elaborada, almacenada y comercializada siguiendo los procedimientos adecuados para la manipulación de alimentos, utilizando materias primas de buena calidad y educación a los productores y distribuidores. Palabras clave bebida fermentada, grado alcohólico, pH, metanol, coliformes fecales, recuento de mohos, Bacillus cereus, detección de salmonella.
ABSTRACT
Background and

objective:

Bogota’s Public Health Laboratory (District Secretariat of Health) carried out a study to characterize the fermented drink called “chicha” during the Festival of Chicha, Corn and Happiness with the aim of evaluating its physicochemical and microbio- logical parameters and determining its innocuousness for consumers’ health. Materials and

Methods:

Physicochemical and microbiological analysis were made to 49 samples collected.

Results:

The Microbiological results were as follows 93.9% of the samples were negative for fecal coliforms, 93.9% were negative for Bacillus cereus, 100% were negative for salmonella, and for molds 42.9% of the samples had higher counts of the punctual estimator as a result of highly humid storage locations and the acidity of the drink. The mean pH value was 3.44. The average alcohol content was 3.35% and the top value was 5.2%. No traces of Methanol were detected in the analyzed samples. Discussion. The optimal fermentation of the beverage is reached after 15 and 20 days, with an ethanol content of about 4.0%. Therefore, the drink should not be sold for consumption before 15 days of fermentation. The conclusion is that the drink is safe for the consumer as long as it is processed, stored, and marketed according to suitable food handling procedures, good quality raw materials and trained producers and distributors.

Recommendations:

This study is a technical review to be used for future regulations or rules of the drink called “Chicha”. It is also a tool to apply surveillance and control actions aimed at improving the production and marketing of that drink. Keywords Fermented beverage, alcohol proof, pH, methanol, fecal Coliforms, fungi recount,Bacillus cereus, detection of Salmonella sp.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: COLNAL / LILACS Main subject: Salmonella / Bacillus cereus / Fermented Beverages Type of study: Guideline Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Es Journal: Investig. segur. soc. salud Journal subject: EPIDEMIOLOGIA / SAUDE PUBLICA Year: 2009 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Country of publication: Colombia

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: COLNAL / LILACS Main subject: Salmonella / Bacillus cereus / Fermented Beverages Type of study: Guideline Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Es Journal: Investig. segur. soc. salud Journal subject: EPIDEMIOLOGIA / SAUDE PUBLICA Year: 2009 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Country of publication: Colombia