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Is criminal violence a non-communicable disease? Exploring the epidemiology of violence in Jamaica / ¿Es la violencia criminal una enfermedad no comunicable? Explorando la epidemiología de la violencia en Jamaica
David, HAMc; Cowell, N; McDonald, A.
Affiliation
  • David, HAMc; The University of the West Indies. Department of Management Studies.
  • Cowell, N; The University of the West Indies. Department of Management Studies.
  • McDonald, A; The University of the West Indies. Department of Management Studies.
West Indian med. j ; 60(4): 478-482, June 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672814
Responsible library: BR1.1
ABSTRACT
There is a high level of criminal violence that afflicts the Jamaican society. While it is certainly non-communicable in the context of medicine and public health, the concepts of social contagion and the well-established fact of the intergenerational transfer of effects of trauma raise questions as to whether or not it is non-communicable in a social sense. Historically, scholars have linked Jamaican criminal violence to three main roots poverty and urban decay, political patronage, garrisonisation and more recently to a fourth, the growth in transnational organized crime (TOC). Traditionally as well, policy-makers have brought the three discrete perspectives of criminology, criminal justice and public health to bear on the problem. This paper applies a conceptual framework derived from a combination of epidemiology and the behavioural sciences to argue that a sustainable resolution to this looming and intractable social problem must take the form of a cocktail of policies that encompasses all three approaches at levels ranging from the community to the international.
RESUMEN
Un nivel alto de violencia criminal tiene lugar en Jamaica y las matanzas resultantes tiene un alto costo para la sociedad. Si bien no es ciertamente comunicable en el contexto de la medicina y la salud pública, los conceptos de contagio social y el hecho bien establecido de la transferencia inter-generacional de los efectos del trauma, suscitan preguntas sobre si tal violencia es o no comunicable en un sentido social. Históricamente, los estudiosos han vinculado la violencia criminal en Jamaica a tres raíces principales la pobreza y la decadencia urbana, el patronato político, y la "garrisonización" o establecimiento de "barrios cuarteles". Una cuarta raíz se ha añadido recientemente, a saber, el crecimiento del crimen organizado trasnacional (COT). Tradicionalmente también, los diseñadores de políticas y los políticos han apuntado a la relación del problema con tres perspectivas discretas representadas por la criminología, la justicia criminal y la salud pública. Este trabajo aplica un marco conceptual derivado de una combinación de epidemiología y ciencias del comportamiento como base argumentativa de que una resolución sostenible a este inextricable y difícil problema social debe tomar la forma de un cóctel de políticas que abarquen los tres enfoques, desde el nivel comunitario al nivel internacional.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Violence Type of study: Prognostic study / Screening study Aspects: Social determinants of health Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Document type: Article
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Target 3.8 Achieve universal access to health / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Violence Type of study: Prognostic study / Screening study Aspects: Social determinants of health Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Document type: Article
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