Factores de riesgo relacionados con la anemia carencial en lactantes de 6 meses / Risk factors related to iron-deficiency anemia in 6 months infants

RESUMEN

Se realizó un estudio analítico de casos y controles de lactantes de 6 meses, pertenecientes al Consejo Popular Heredia del Policlínico Docente "Camilo Torres Restrepo" de Santiago de Cuba, durante 2012, con vistas a identificar los factores de riesgo de la anemia carencial en esta población infantil. El universo estuvo constituido por 120 pacientes 40 casos y 80 controles, seleccionados a razón de 12, a partir de las cifras de hemoglobina en estos neonatos. Para la validación estadística se utilizaron la razón de productos cruzados y el riesgo atribuible en expuestos porcentual. Entre los factores desencadenantes del mencionado trastorno figuraron lactancia artificial, antecedentes familiares de madre con anemia en el embarazo, desnutrición por defecto e infecciones respiratorias.

ABSTRACT

An analytic case-control study of 6 months infants, belonging to Heredia People's Council of "Camilo Torres Restrepo" Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba was carried out during 2012, with the objective of identifying the risk factors of the iron-deficiency anemia in this infant population. The universe was constituted by 120 patients 40 cases and 80 controls, selected at a ratio of 12, taking into account the hemoglobin figures in these neonates. For the statistical validation the odds ratio and the attributable risk were used in exposed percentages. Among the triggering factors of the mentioned disorders there were artificial nursing, mother's history with anemia during pregnancy, malnutrition by defect and breathing infections.