Cisticercosis cerebral: a propósito de un caso / Neurocysticercosis: a case report

RESUMEN

Fundamento la neurocisticercosis es una enfermedad parasitaria del sistema nervioso central causada por la forma larvaria del céstodo Taenia solium. Se adquiere debido a las malas condiciones de higiene y al fecalismo. Se identifica un caso complejo no habitual en Cuba, detectado en el cumplimiento del programa integral de salud en Honduras. Objetivo: contribuir al conocimiento de enfermedades que son un problema de salud en centroamérica basados en la presentación de un caso. Caso clínico se presenta un paciente con síndrome tumoral cerebral convulsivo que se atiende en el hospital regional de San Marcos de Ocotepeque en Honduras, se le realizó un estudio y se diagnosticó neurocisticercosis. Se trató y estabilizó pero quedó con las secuelas inherentes a la enfermedad. Conclusiones: en el paciente evaluado hubo manifestaciones clínicas que podían corresponder a varias enfermedades nosológicas, pero basados en estudios como la tomografía se pudo demostrar la enfermedad, a fin de evitar esta afección. Es importante la educación de las personas sobre sus hábitos higiénicos y alimentarios, pues las secuelas sobre el sistema nervioso central son permanentes y muchas veces si se diagnostican de forma tardía pueden traer graves consecuencias.

ABSTRACT

Background: neurocysticercosis is a parasitic disease of the central nervous system caused by the cestode Taenia soliumin larval stage. It is acquired due to bad hygienic conditions and the ingestion of food with feces. A complex case, not frequent in Cuba, was detected and identified during the fulfillment of the comprehensive health program in Honduras. Objective: to contribute to the awareness of some diseases which constitute a health problem in Central America, based on this case presentation. Clinical case a patient with a convulsive brain tumor syndrome was attended at San Marcos Regional Hospital of Ocotopeque, Honduras. The patient underwent a study and was diagnosed with neurocysticercosis. The patient was treated and his condition became stable but he was left with the inherent aftereffects of the illness. Conclusions: the treated patient presented clinical manifestations that could correspond with several nosologic diseases, but based on studies like tomography the disease could be established in order to avoid this complaint. The education of the population about their hygienic practices and eating habits is important because the aftereffects of the disease in the central nervous system are permanent and sometimes, if it is diagnosed belatedly, may have very grave consequences.