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Identificación de las principales patologías y mortalidad en el Recién Nacido menor a 1500 g al nacimiento / Identification of major diseases and mortality in Newborns less than 1500 g at birth
Camacho Arnez, Mery.
Affiliation
  • Camacho Arnez, Mery; Seguro Social Universitario. Cochabamba. BO
Gac. méd. boliv ; 36(2): 90-92, dic. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-737908
Responsible library: BO4.1
RESUMEN

Objetivos:

determinar la morbimortalidad de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer en Unidad de Neonatología de maternologico HMIGU.

Métodos:

es un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo de todos los niños que nacieron con peso entre 500 y 1500 g, entre el 1° de enero al 31 de diciembre del 2011, con seguimiento desde su nacimiento hasta su alta o muerte hospitalaria.

Resultados:

se registraron 7938 nacimientos; 132 de Muy Bajo Peso, con una incidencia de 1,6%. La media de peso 1143 +/-247 gramos y la media de gestacional es de 29,6 +/- 2,8 semanas. Las intervenciones prenatales, como control prenatal y uso de corticoides se registró en 38%; la patología materna predominante es ruptura prematura de membranas (47%). En las intervenciones en sala de partos la reanimación con bolsa y máscara fue la más utilizada (37%). En UCIN la enfermedad de membrana hialina es la que más se detectó (57%). Requirieron asistencia respiratoria mecánica el 69%; la sepsis neonatal se presentó en 31% de los casos. El rango de peso en el que se observó mayor mortalidad es 501- 750 gramos. La principal causa de muerte fue sepsis (30%). La media de estancia hospitalaria fue de 44,3 +/- 30,12 días.

Conclusiones:

la incidencia de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso es 1,6%. La morbilidad más frecuente es la enfermedad de membrana hialina con una letalidad de 36,6%. La mortalidad global del grupo fue de 64%, siendo las principales causas de muerte sepsis neonatal, prematurez y la hemorragia pulmonar.
ABSTRACT

Objectives:

to determine the morbidity and mortality in neonates with very low birth weight infants in Neonatal Unit of maternologico HMIGU.

Methods:

a prospective, descriptive study of all children born weighing between 500 and 1500 g , from 1 January to 31 Decem-ber 2011 , with follow-up from birth until hospital discharge or death.

Results:

7938 births were registered, 132 of Very Low Birth Weight, with an incidence of 1.6% Mean weight 1143 + / -247 g and the mean gestational is 29.6 + / - 2.8 weeks . Prenatal interventions such as antenatal steroid use and was recorded in 38%, predominant breast pathology is premature rupture of membranes 47 %. Interventions in delivery room resuscitation bag and mask was used most often (37%). In the NICU hyaline membrane disease is the most frequently detected (57%). Mechanical ventilation was required for 69 %, neonatal sepsis were present in 31% of cases. The weight range in which we observed increased mortality is 501-750 grams. The main cause of death was sepsis (30%). The mean hospital stay was 44,3 + / - 30,12 days.

Results:

7938 births were registered, 132 of Very Low Birth Weight, with an incidence of 1.6%. Weight average 1143 + / -247 g and the mean gestational is 29.6 + / - 2.8 weeks. Prenatal interventions such as antenatal steroid use and was recorded in 38%, predominant breast pathology is premature rupture of membranes (47%). Interventions in delivery room resuscitation bag and mask was used most often (37%). In the NICU hyaline membrane disease is the most frequently detected (57%). Mechanical ventilation was required for 69%, neonatal sepsis were presented in 31% of cases. The weight range in which we observed increased mortality is 501-750 grams. The main cause of death was sepsis (30%). The mean hospital stay was 44.3 + / - 30.12 days.

Conclusions:

the incidence of infants with very low weight is 1,6%. The most common morbidity is hyaline membrane disease with a fatality rate of 36,6%. The overall mortality of the group was 64%, with the main causes of death neonatal sepsis, prematurity and pulmonary hemorrhage.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Target 3.1: Reduce maternal mortality / Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Database: LILACS Main subject: Infant, Newborn Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study Language: Spanish Journal: Gac. méd. boliv Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Bolivia Institution/Affiliation country: Seguro Social Universitario/BO
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Target 3.1: Reduce maternal mortality / Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Database: LILACS Main subject: Infant, Newborn Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study Language: Spanish Journal: Gac. méd. boliv Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Bolivia Institution/Affiliation country: Seguro Social Universitario/BO
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