[Cataract surgery with posterior chamber lens implantation in Senegalese children less than 15 year-old]. / Chirurgie de la cataracte avec implantation en chambre postérieure chez l'enfant de moins 15 ans au Sénégal.

PURPOSE: To assess short and medium term outcomes of cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation in Senegalese children less than fifteen years. METHODS: From 1992 to 1997, 50 eyes of 40 children between the age of 5 months and 14 years, suffering from cataract were operated. Some of them were seen untill 2000. Twenty-seven cataracts were congenital, 19 were traumatic, 2 were from corticosteroid side effects, 1 after uveitis, and 1 had no determined cause. Thirty-one had manual extracapsular surgery and 19 ultrasound cataract surgery. They all have a standard single-piece PMMA intraocular lens of 21 to 22 diopters, 12.0-12.5mm long, under the ciliaris silcus (34 cases) or in the capsular bag (16). The results were noted in the first week, at one month, at 3 months, and after. RESULTS: Exudative reactions were frequent in the anterior chamber: 20% of the eyes had such reactions during the operation, especially when a manual extracapsular extraction was performed, and 34% soon after operation. The reactions were generally revealed with one month of survey. Corticosteroids used before and after surgery reduced inflammation disorders but seemed to speed up the onset of secondary cataract. Posterior capsule opacification was observed in the first week after surgery. It increased from 45% at 3 months to 74% at 1 year and 100% after 3 years. Intraocular cristal lens implants are well tolerated with limited complications. Fifty-seven percent of the operated eyes we observed after 3 years had 30/60 or better visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Despite fairly frequent inflammation and secondary cataract, posterior chamber lens implantation in children is well tolerated. This suggest that, as in adults, intraocular lens implant would be the best treatment for aphakia.