Comments on the Ananterinae Pocock, 1900 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) and description of a new remarkable species of Ananteris from Peru.

New comments are proposed for the subfamily Ananterinae (sensu Pocock). The worldwide pattern of distribution of the elements associated with this subfamily, as well as aspects of their ecology, are discussed. The biogeographic patterns presented by extant and fossil elements of this subfamily confirm not only the characteristics of a group presenting a typical Gondwanian distribution, but also correspond to older Pangaean patterns. One new remarkable species is described in the genus Ananteris Thorell. This new species is also the first record of the genus for Peru.