[Cutaneous malignant melanoma and the new drugs]. / La cirugía en melanoma cutáneo maligno y las nuevas drogas.

The treatment of cutaneous melanoma has historically been essentially surgical. Much progress has been made in this area, and the resection margins have been established based on tumour depth. Candidates are also identified for lymphadenectomy, avoiding the morbidity of the procedure in patients who do not require it. But little progress has been made in systemic treatment, since the 70's when the use of dacarbazine was introduced for the treatment of patients with tumour progression or distant metastasis, with disappointing results. Despite this, Dacarbazine has been the most used drug to the present. Three years ago, two new drugs were introduced, one of them based on the target therapy and other one in the immunotherapy, offering, with the obtained results, an alternative in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma The objectives of this article are to show the pathways of these drugs, to describe the current role of surgery in cutaneous melanoma, with the arrival of these drugs, as well as to know the therapeutic alternatives that are emerging for the cutaneous melanoma based on scientific evidence.