Vaginal Inflammation: Association between Leukocyte Concentration and Levels of Immune Mediators.
Am J Reprod Immunol
; 75(2): 126-33, 2016 Feb.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26773532
PROBLEM: A wide variety of mediators are involved in inflammatory processes. However, the identity of those participating in vaginal immune responses has not been established. We correlated extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), hyaluronan (HA), hyaluronidase-1 (Hyal-1), human ß-defensin-2 (hBD2), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations with the extent of leukocyte infiltration into the vagina and suggest their participation in vaginal inflammation. METHODS OF STUDY: Vaginal fluid was obtained from 233 women seen at the outpatient clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Campinas University, Brazil. The magnitude of vaginal inflammation was determined by the leukocyte count on vaginal smears and categorized as no inflammation (0 leukocytes/field), moderate inflammation (1-4 leukocytes/field), and intense inflammation (>4 leukocytes/field). Concentrations of EMMPRIN, MMP-8, HA, Hyal-1, hBD2, and NGAL were determined in vaginal fluid by ELISA. RESULTS: EMMPRIN, MMP-8, HA, hBD2, and NGAL concentration increased with elevated leukocyte numbers (P < 0.05), while Hyal-1 did not. EMMPRIN concentrations were correlated with HA and MMP-8 levels. CONCLUSION: EMMPRIN, MMP-8, HA, ß-defensin, and NGAL are elevated in women with vaginal inflammation.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Vaginitis
/
Acute-Phase Proteins
/
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
/
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
/
Beta-Defensins
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Basigin
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Lipocalins
/
Hyaluronic Acid
Type of study:
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Am J Reprod Immunol
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Country of publication:
Denmark