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Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Broiler Chicken at Three Levels of the Poultry Production Chain in Costa Rica.
Lazo-Láscarez, Sabrina; Gutiérrez, Leana Zumbado; Duarte-Martínez, Francisco; Romero Zúñiga, Juan José; Arias Echandi, María Laura; Muñoz-Vargas, Lohendy.
Affiliation
  • Lazo-Láscarez S; Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica.
  • Gutiérrez LZ; National Service of Animal Health (SENASA), Argentina.
  • Duarte-Martínez F; National Reference Centre for Microbiological Food Safety, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education in Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica.
  • Romero Zúñiga JJ; Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica.
  • Arias Echandi ML; Food and Water Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Microbiology and Tropical Disease Research Center, University of Costa Rica, San José 2060, Costa Rica.
  • Muñoz-Vargas L; Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica.
J Food Prot ; 84(12): 2143-2150, 2021 12 01.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34324670
ABSTRACT: Campylobacter spp. are considered the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis, one of the four main causes of diarrheal disease worldwide, and they are one of the main foodborne pathogens causing hospitalizations and deaths. Here, 148 strains of Campylobacter spp. isolated from poultry at farms, processing plants, and retail stores in Costa Rica were examined for resistance to six antibiotics. An agar dilution test was used to determine the MIC and susceptibility profiles against doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin. In addition, a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis was carried out to determine the genotype relatedness of a representative subset of the isolates. Approximately 136 (92%) of the 148 analyzed isolates showed resistance to the tested drugs. Nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin were the antibiotics for which resistance occurred most frequently (91.2, 85.8, and 85.8%, respectively), followed by doxycycline (25.0%), chloramphenicol (5.4%), and erythromycin (2.7%). The profile conferring only resistance to quinolones was the most frequently found, and only 2.0% of the isolates showed resistance to quinolones and macrolides simultaneously. Results showed a high frequency of resistant Campylobacter spp. strains and evidenced the distribution, selection, and circulation of resistant strains along the poultry chain from farms to consumers. Cross-contamination and resistance seem to play important roles in the dissemination of these strains at specific points of the poultry chain, even when control measures are being taken. The establishment of effective surveillance and control strategies represents an essential tool for foodborne diseases mitigation. The rational use of antibiotics, especially those still showing efficacy, should be a priority in both human and veterinary medicine to contain the progress of this phenomenon and its consequences.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Campylobacter / Campylobacter Infections / Campylobacter jejuni Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: America central / Costa rica Language: En Journal: J Food Prot Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Costa Rica Country of publication: United States

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Campylobacter / Campylobacter Infections / Campylobacter jejuni Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: America central / Costa rica Language: En Journal: J Food Prot Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Costa Rica Country of publication: United States