Intracellular effects of lithium in aging neurons.
Ageing Res Rev
; 99: 102396, 2024 Aug.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38942199
ABSTRACT
Lithium therapy received approval during the 1970s, and it has been used for its antidepressant, antimanic, and anti-suicidal effects for acute and long-term prophylaxis and treatment of bipolar disorder (BPD). These properties have been well established; however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms remain controversial. In the past few years, many studies demonstrated that at the cellular level, lithium acts as a regulator of neurogenesis, aging, and Ca2+ homeostasis. At the molecular level, lithium modulates aging by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK-3ß), and the phosphatidylinositol (PI) cycle; latter, lithium specifically inhibits inositol production, acting as a non-competitive inhibitor of inositol monophosphatase (IMPase). Mitochondria and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) have been related to lithium activity, and its regulation is mediated by GSK-3ß degradation and inhibition. Lithium also impacts Ca2+ homeostasis in the mitochondria modulating the function of the lithium-permeable mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+exchanger (NCLX), affecting Ca2+ efflux from the mitochondrial matrix to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A close relationship between the protease Omi, GSK-3ß, and PGC-1α has also been established. The purpose of this review is to summarize some of the intracellular mechanisms related to lithium activity and how, through them, neuronal aging could be controlled.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cellular Senescence
/
Lithium Compounds
/
Neurons
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Ageing Res Rev
/
Ageing res. rev
/
Ageing research reviews
Journal subject:
GERIATRIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Chile
Country of publication:
United kingdom