Pre- and post-Ad26.COV2·S booster dose antibody levels predict COVID-19 disease risk.
Vaccine
; 42(22): 126159, 2024 Sep 17.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39121698
ABSTRACT
Identifying immune correlates of risk following COVID-19 vaccine boosters has become paramount as a result of the challenges in generating additional efficacy data. The trial data described here was collected in the United States, with a large part of the study conduct coinciding with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant. The vaccine trial involved the administration of a booster dose of Ad26.COV2·S at least 6 months after primary vaccination with either a single dose of Ad26.COV2·S or a 2-dose BNT162b2 vaccine regimen. Immunogenicity was assessed through Wuhan Spike binding antibodies (bAb), neutralizing antibodies (nAb), and Omicron BA.1 cross-neutralizing antibodies (nAb BA.1) at Day 1 (pre-boost), Day 15-, and 6-months post-boost. Immune correlates analyses demonstrate that, higher titers of bAb, nAb, and nAb BA.1 at Day 15 were consistently associated with a lower risk of symptomatic COVID-19 following a booster dose of Ad26.COV2·S, irrespective of the primary vaccine regimen. Similar results were obtained using multivariable analyses. Furthermore, Day 1 nAb levels against the Wuhan reference strain exhibited a statistically significant inverse relationship with the risk of symptomatic COVID-19. These findings highlight the value of assessing immune correlates for vaccine boosters, especially in the context of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Clinical trials registrationNCT04999111.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Immunization, Secondary
/
Antibodies, Neutralizing
/
COVID-19 Vaccines
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Antibodies, Viral
Limits:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Vaccine
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Belgium
Country of publication:
Netherlands