Seroprevalence of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody and implications for vaccination policy in Vietnam's South-central coast: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Infect Dis
; 24(1): 813, 2024 Aug 12.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39134980
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Diphtheria is a re-emerging infectious disease and public health concern worldwide and in Vietnam with increasing cases in recent years. This study aimed to assess the anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies status in Khanh Hoa Province and identify factors contributing to the vaccination policy in the south-central coast of Vietnam.METHODS:
This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies among 1,195 participants, aged 5 - 40 years in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Immunoglobulin G antibody levels against diphtheria were detected using a commercial anti-diphtheria toxoid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SERION ELISA classic Diphtheria Immunoglobulin G) and were categorized following the World Health Organization guidelines.RESULTS:
The mean anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody levels were 0.07 IU/ml (95% Confidence Interval 0.07-0.08). Anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody levels were found to be associated with age and history of diphtheria vaccination. The 5-15 years age group had the highest levels (0.09 IU/ml), while the older age group had the lowest antibody level (p < 0.001). Individuals who received three doses (adjusted Odds ratio 2.34, 95%CI 1.35 - 4.07) or 4+ doses (adjusted Odds ratio 2.45, 95%CI 1.29 - 4.64) had a higher antibody level compared to those who received only one dose regardless of age.CONCLUSION:
It is crucial to promote routine vaccination coverage to over 95% for children under one year of age with three primary doses of the diphtheria-containing vaccine, including additional doses at 18 months and 7 years of age. Booster doses should be promoted and administered to adolescents and adults every 10 years.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Diphtheria Toxoid
/
Vaccination
/
Diphtheria
/
Antibodies, Bacterial
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
BMC Infect Dis
Journal subject:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Vietnam
Country of publication:
United kingdom