Successful captive breeding of vultures due to the double clutching method.

ABSTRACT

After a massive decline, the Griffon Vulture (Gypsfulvus) population in Bulgaria has now stabilised as a result of the hard work of conservation programmes, although it is still listed as an Endangered species (EN) in the country's Red Data Book. Due to a series of unfortunate events, another species - the Cinereous Vulture (Aegypiusmonachus) became extinct in Bulgaria and recovered only recently due to systematic re-introduction efforts. Along with the poor living conditions, a predisposing factor for the decreasing population of the vultures is the fact they hatch only a single egg; two may be laid on exceptions. The survival rate of the young is from medium to low. In that order, a method of double clutching has been applied in the hope of preserving and retrieving both of the vultures. This article aims to introduce the double clutching method in detail, as well as to show the results of its implementation into the breeding programme of the Cinereous Vulture and the Griffon Vulture at the Wildlife Rehabilitation and Breeding Centre of Green Balkans - Stara Zagora NGO. This research studies the time period 2019-2023. The purpose of this study is to compare the results of natural copulation and hatching and those of the double clutching method. The data taken are used for studies for both the Cinereous and the Griffon Vulture's reproduction in correlation with their feeding programme and living conditions. The results of the study will be summarised into the following text for the purposes of shedding light on the positives of the double clutching method.