Nanopore strand-specific mismatch enables de novo detection of bacterial DNA modifications.
Genome Res
; 2024 Oct 02.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39358016
ABSTRACT
DNA modifications in bacteria present diverse types and distributions, playing crucial functional roles. Current methods for detecting bacterial DNA modifications via nanopore sequencing typically involve comparing raw current signals to a methylation-free control. In this study, we found that bacterial DNA modification induces errors in nanopore reads. And these errors are found only in one strand but not the other, showing a strand-specific bias. Leveraging this discovery, we developed Hammerhead, a pioneering pipeline designed for de novo methylation discovery that circumvents the necessity of raw signal inference and a methylation-free control. The majority (14 out of 16) of the identified motifs can be validated by raw signal comparison methods or by identifying corresponding methyltransferases in bacteria. Additionally, we included a novel polishing strategy employing duplex reads to correct modification-induced errors in bacterial genome assemblies, achieving a reduction of over 85% in such errors. In summary, Hammerhead enables users to effectively locate bacterial DNA methylation sites from nanopore FASTQ/FASTA reads, thus holds promise as a routine pipeline for a wide range of nanopore sequencing applications, such as genome assembly, metagenomic binning, decontaminating eukaryotic genome assembly, and functional analysis for DNA modifications.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Genome Res
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
GENETICA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
United States