Superior remedy colon cancer HCT-116 cells via new chitosan Schiff base nanocomposites: Synthesis and characterization.

ABSTRACT

Cancer is a serious worldwide health problem and colon cancer is the major cancer public prevailing form. The innovative pharmaceuticals with great cancer efficacy are metal nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study relies on developing chitosan Schiff base nanocomposites and investigating their antitumor ability against human colon carcinoma (HCT-116 cell line) using the MTT method. Thus, chitosan (CS) is modified with 9-ethyl-3-carbazolecarboxaldehyde (ECCA) in the absence or presence of the biomedical crosslinker poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) under microwave irradiation to afford CS-Schiff bases CS-SB-I and CS-SB-II, respectively. The assembly method is applied to formulate CS-Schiff base (Ag, Au and ZnO) nanocomposites. These new CS-Schiff bases and their nanocomposites are characterized by utilizing elemental analysis, FTIR, TGA, XRD, SEM, TEM and EDX. Cytotoxicity test showed that CS-SB-I (IC50 112.10 ± 4.23 µg/mL) and CS-SB-II (IC50 98.54 ± 4.09 µg/mL) inhibit the growth of HCT-116 more effectively than chitosan (IC50 181.38 ± 6.54 µg/mL). Additionally, CS-Schiff base nanocomposites revealed superior anticancer efficiency which displayed the lowest IC50 values CS-SB-I-Ag (IC50 10.99 ± 0.37 µg/mL), CS-SB-II-Ag (IC50 12.79 ± 0.49 µg/mL), CS-SB-I-Au (IC50 14.96 ± 0.51 µg/mL), CS-SB-II-Au (IC50 26.72 ± 1.57 µg/mL), CS-SB-I-ZnO (IC50 22.79 ± 1.28 µg/mL) and CS-SB-II-ZnO (IC50 22.24 ± 1.34 µg/mL). The findings demonstrated that CS-Schiff base nanocomposites are promising agents for the HCT-116 cell therapeutic.