Dentists and cross-infection.

ABSTRACT

PIP: The precautions against occupational HIV transmission employed by general dental practitioners in Natal, South Africa, were investigated in 1994 in a survey of 100 dentists (33% random sample) drawn from the South African Medical and Dental Council registry. The interviews addressed personal barrier protection; instrument sterilization and disinfection; sharps disposal and needle-stick injury incidence; and knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to the treatment of HIV-infected patients. In response primarily to seminars and scientific journal articles, 73% of dentists had made some modifications in their clinical practices to prevent HIV cross-infection. 87% of dentists routinely wore gloves and 65% wore masks. 68% used an autoclave for heat sterilization, but only 4% decontaminated impressions or appliances before sending them to the laboratory. 25% discarded used sharps in the normal rubbish bin. 18 respondents had experienced a needle-stick injury in the 6 months preceding the interview; however, only 1 had sought post-exposure care or testing. 42% expressed a willingness to treat patients known to be HIV-positive. It is recommended that these findings be used as a basis for formulation of specific guidelines for treating HIV-infected dental patients in South Africa. Also urged are educational interventions to increase the willingness of South African dentists to treat HIV-infected individuals.