Correlation of fetal outcome with mode of delivery for breech presentation

ABSTRACT

The objective of this retrospective analysis of 344 singleton pregnancies of gestational ages greater than 24 weeks conducted at a tertiary hospital was to determine the fetal outcome in relation to the mode of delivery of the fetus with a breech presentation. Caesarean section was performed in 157 mothers, and 187 babies were delivered vaginally. There was no statistical difference in the perinatal outcome for breech fetuses delivered either abdominally or vaginally. Cord prolapse and arrest of the after-coming head were responsible for five fetal losses, four of which were delivered vaginally. Neonatal morbidity comprising nerve injury, birth asphyxia and seizures occurred in 11 newborns, nine of whom were delivered vaginally. One mother sustained a massive intra-operative haemorrhage during a caesarean section which necessitated an emergency hysterectomy. We conclude that a policy of planned vaginal birth for selected breech fetuses with a low threshold to proceed to caesarean section may be in the best interests of both mother and child.