Predictors of mortality in patients with left ventricular failure [abstract]

ABSTRACT

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical presentation and five-year mortality of 64 consecutive adults who underwent echocardiography at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex between January 1992 and December 1994 with a left ventricular ejection fraction < 40 percent. The mean age was 60ñ12 years and 68 percent of patients were male. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was 40 percent and 46 percent, respectively. The mean left ventricle ejection fraction was 30ñ9 percent. The most common primary cost of left ventricular failure was coronary artery disease (CAD) in 47 percent, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (9 percent), hypertensive heart disease (9 percent), alcohol related dilated cardiomyopathy (8 percent) and valvular heart disease (6 percent). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were prescribed in 85 percent of cases, diuretics (82 percent), digoxin (61 percent), warfarin (18 percent), beta blockers (10 percent), and amiodarone (8 percent). Survival data were available for 84 percent. Mortality was 53 percent at 5 years. Independent predictors of mortality were age, the use of beta blockers and left ventricular internal diameter. In conclusion, CAD was the most common cause of left ventricular failure. Five-year mortality was high, particularly in elderly patients with marked ventricular dilatation. (AU)