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Durability of the immune response to a third BNT162b2 dose; five months follow-up
Mayan Gilboa; Gili Regev-Yochay; Michal Mandelboim; Victoria Indenbaum; Keren Asraf; Ronen Fluss; Sharon Amit; Ella Mendelson; Ram Doolman; Arnon Afek; Laurence Freedman; Yitzhak Kreiss; Yaniv Lustig.
Affiliation
  • Mayan Gilboa; Sheba Medical Center
  • Gili Regev-Yochay; Sheba Medical Center
  • Michal Mandelboim; Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
  • Victoria Indenbaum; Central Virology Labarotary, Public health services, Israel
  • Keren Asraf; Sheba Medical Center
  • Ronen Fluss; Sheba Medical Center
  • Sharon Amit; Sheba Medical Center
  • Ella Mendelson; Central Virology Laboratory, public health services, ministry of health Israel
  • Ram Doolman; Sheba Medical Center
  • Arnon Afek; Sheba Medical Center
  • Laurence Freedman; Sheba Medcal Center
  • Yitzhak Kreiss; Sheba Medical Center
  • Yaniv Lustig; Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of health, Israel
Preprint in En | PREPRINT-MEDRXIV | ID: ppmedrxiv-22274592
ABSTRACT
BackgroundTwo doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine yielded high effectiveness that wanes within several months. The third dose was effective in mounting a significant humoral and cellular immune response.. MethodsWe followed BNT162b2-vaccinated health-care workers monthly for IgG and neutralizing antibody (NeutAb) titers. Avidity, T-cell activation and microneutralization of sera against different variants of concern (VOC) were assessed for a sub-cohort. Linear mixed models were used to compare the durability of the second and third doses, and to assess if Omicron breakthrough infections were associated with waning dynamics. ResultsOverall 3972 participants with a third dose were followed, the rate of waning of IgG and NeutAb was slower after the third (1.32%/day and 1.32%/day, respectively) compared to the second (2.26%/per day and 3.34%/day) dose. Live-neutralization of Omicron VOC was lower compared to previous strains and demonstrated similar waning from 111 (95%CI75-166) to 26 (95%CI16-42) within 4 months. Mean T cell activity decreased from 98{+/-}5.4 T cells/106 PBMC to 59{+/-}9.3, within 3-5 months. Omicron breakthrough infections were associated with lower IgG peak (ratio of means 0.86 95%CI 0.80-0.91), and among participants over 65y with faster waning of both IgG and NeutAb (ratio of mean rates 1.40 95% CI 1.13-1.68 and 3.58 95% CI 1.92-6.67). No waining in IgG avidity was obsereved during 112 days after the 3rd dose. ConclusionThe third dose is more durable than the second dose, yet Omicron is relatively resistant to direct neutralization. The level of humoral response may predict breakthrough infections.
License
cc_by_nc_nd
Full text: 1 Collection: 09-preprints Database: PREPRINT-MEDRXIV Type of study: Cohort_studies / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies Language: En Year: 2022 Document type: Preprint
Full text: 1 Collection: 09-preprints Database: PREPRINT-MEDRXIV Type of study: Cohort_studies / Observational_studies / Prognostic_studies Language: En Year: 2022 Document type: Preprint