Achados hematológicos em sangue e medula óssea de cães naturalmente infectados por Ehrlichia spp. e Anaplasma spp. / Hematological observations in the blood and bone marrow of dogs naturally infected by Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp.

RESUMO

Objetivou-se analisar os achados hematológicos em sangue periférico e medula óssea em cães infectados por Ehrlichia spp. e Anaplasma spp.. Avaliaram-se 44 cães com suspeita clínica de hemoparasitose, de diferentes raças, idades e de ambos os sexos, submetidos ao exame sorológico pelo SNAP Test, a análises hematológicas e mielograma. Dos 44 cães avaliados, 63,6% (28/44) foram sorologicamente reagentes, sendo 57,1% (16/28) positivos para Ehrlichia spp., 21,4% (6/28) para Anaplasma spp. e 21,4% (6/28) de coinfectados. A trombocitopenia foi a alteração hematológica mais frequente em cães positivos para Ehrlichia spp., presente em 93,7% (15/16) (p=0,015) dos animais, enquanto a anemia macrocítica e hipocrômica prevaleceu em 66,7% (4/6) (p=0,010) dos animais infectados por Anaplasma spp.. Ao mielograma, 62,5% (10/16) (p=0,005) dos animais positivos para Ehrlichia spp. apresentaram hipoplasia medular e 75,0% (12/16) (p=0,044) diminuição do índice mieloideeritroide (ME). Nos animais positivos para Anaplasma spp., destacou-se a hiperplasia da série eritroide em 50,0% (3/6) (p=0,022) dos cães. Não houve associação significativa em nenhuma das análises com o grupo coinfecção (p>0,05). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo permitem inferir que o somatório de métodos laboratoriais é essencial na caracterização das hemoparasitoses em cães, agregando valor e permitindo uma efetiva consolidação do diagnóstico relacionado a essas doenças.(AU)

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to analyze the hematological and cytomorphological findings in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of dogs infected with Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. Forty-four dogs with clinically suspected hemoparasitosis, belonging to different breeds, ages, and both sexes, underwent serological examination by SNAP Assay, hematological analysis, and myelogram. Among them, 63.6% (28/44) tested serologically positive; among the serologically positive dogs, 57.1% (16/28) tested positive for Ehrlichia spp., 21.4% (6/28) for Anaplasma spp., and 21.4% (6/28) were coinfected. Thrombocytopenia was the most frequent hematologic alteration in dogs positive for Ehrlichia spp., present in 93.7% (15/16) (p=0.015) of the infected animals, while macrocytic and hypochromic anemia were observed in 66.7% (4/6) (p=0.010) of the animals infected with Anaplasma spp. In the myelogram, 62.5% (10/16, p=0.005) and 75.0% (12/16, p=0,044) of the animals positive for Ehrlichia spp. presented with bone marrow hypoplasia and decrease in the myeloid erythroid (ME) ratio, respectively. Hyperplasia of the erythroid series was observed in 50.0% (3/6) (p=0.022) of the animals positive for Anaplasma spp. No significant association was observed between the hematological alterations and the coinfection group (p >0.05). On the basis of these hematological observations, it can be inferred that the aforementioned laboratory examinations could be employed for the characterization and confirmative diagnosis of hemoparasitosis in dogs.(AU)