Advance in Spatial Transcriptomics and Its Application in Neuroscience / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

ABSTRACT

Spatial transcriptomics is an omics technology that realizes the determination of cell spatial location information on the basis of single cell RNA sequencing. This technology overcomes the problem of losing the spatial information of cells in the tissue during the single-cell isolation of single cell RNA sequencing. Spatial transcriptomics can provide both transcriptome information and spatial location information of research objects in tissues. Spatial transcriptomics plays an important role in the study of cell lineage generation, regulation mechanism and interaction between cells, and is an important development direction and hot spot of omics technology research. In recent years, spatial transcriptomics technology has developed rapidly, new detection methods have been continuously produced, and technical indicators such as detection sensitivity, resolution and detection throughput have been continuously improved. According to the different principles of obtaining spatial information, this paper classifies the commonly used spatial transcriptomics techniques, and summarizes the detection principles, representative technical methods and technical indicators. Then, the application of spatial transcriptomics technology in neuroscience is expounded from two aspects differentiation of brain cell types and construction of cell layer maps, and analysis of characteristics of diseases and biomarker related to nervous systems. Finally, we summarize the current problems of spatial transcriptomics technology and give an outlook on its future development direction.