Effects of short-term exposure to air pollutants on death and years of life lost in Jinhua City / 预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the effects of short-term exposure to four air pollutants, namely fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3), on death and years of life lost (YLL).@*Methods@#Air pollutants and meteorological data in Jindong District and Wucheng District of Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2021 were collected through Jinhua Environmental Monitoring Center and Jinhua Meteorological Bureau. Death data of residents during the same period was collected through Zhejiang Province Chronic Disease Monitoring Information Management System. The effects of short-term exposure to four air pollutants on death and YLL were analyzed using a generalized additive model.@*Results@#The results of single-pollutant model analysis showed that the lagged effect of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on death and YLL was the largest at cumulative lags of 2 days, with effect size of 1.064% (95%CI: 0.450%-1.682%) and 2.084 (95%CI: 1.003-3.165) person-years, respectively; the effect of short-term exposure to SO2 on YLL was the largest on the same day, with an effect size of 2.432 (95%CI: 0.610-4.254) person-years; short-term exposure to NO2 and O3 had no statistically significant effects on death and YLL (both P>0.05). The results of gender- and age-stratified analysis showed that short-term exposure to PM2.5 had significant lagged effects on death and YLL among females and residents aged 65 years and above at cumulative lags of 2 days; short-term exposure to SO2 had significant effects on YLL among females and residents aged 65 years and above on the same day (both P<0.05). The results of dual-pollutant model analysis showed that after the inclusion of NO2 in PM2.5 and SO2, the effects on death and YLL were statistically significant, with the effect size being higher compared to the single-pollutant model; after the inclusion of SO2 or O3 in PM2.5, the effects on death and YLL were statistically significant, with the effect size being lower compared to the single-pollutant model (all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Short-term exposure to PM2.5 may increase the risk of death and YLL, and short-term exposure to SO2 may increase the risk of YLL among residents, with more significant impacts on female and residents aged 65 years and above.