Effects of Swimming Exercise on Maximal Aerobic Capacity and Plasma Lipid-Lipoprotein Profile of Postmenopausal Women / 体力科学

ABSTRACT

This study was designed to evaluate effects of long-term swimming training on maximal aerobic capacity and sernm lipid and lipoprotein profile of postmenopausal women. In the first study, 12 swimming-trained postmenopausal women (age 58±3 yrs, BMI 22± 2 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>, training distance 3.6±1.6 km/wk, mean±SD) were compared cross-sectionally with 50 age-matched untrained women (58±5 yrs, 23±2 kg m<SUP>2</SUP>) . Swimming-trained women had higher maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) than untrained (34± 5 vs. 30± 5 ml/kg/min, P<0.05) . Serum total- and HDL-cholesterol (T-C and HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations in swimmers were similar to those in untrained (T-C 232±23 vs. 220±44 mg/dl, HDL-C 69±15 vs. 72±17 mg/dl, TG 83±21 vs. 99±67 mg/dl) . On the other hand, swimmers had higher serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations (LDL-C) than untrained women (161±28 vs. 138±25 mg/dl, P<0.05) . The second study was conducted to test the effects of a 2-year swimming program on Vo2max and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations of postmenopausal untrained women. After the swimming program 10 trained women (age 59±7 yrs, BMI 23±3 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>, Vo2max 30± 3 mlikg/min at baseline, training condition one hour session, frequency 1.5±0.4 times/week during the program) and 12 untrained women (60± 5 yrs, 23± 3 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>, 29± 5 ml/kg/min at baseline) were retested. No change in BMI was observed in the two groups. At the 2-year follow-up, the trained women increased Vo2max (34± 5 ml/kg/min, P<0.05), whereas no change in Vo2max was observed in the untrained women (30± 5 ml/kg/min) . No changes occurred in concentrations of T-C (Trained 238±25 233±21 mg/dl, Untrained 236±20 236±32mg/dl), HDL-C (Trained 70 ± 15→74 ± 16 mg/dl, Untrained 69 ± 15→69 ± 14 mg/dl), LDL-C (Trained 150 ±29 144±27mg/dl, Untrained 144±15→145±23mg/dl), and TG (Trained 90±32 74±25 mg/dl, Untrained 115±81 106±52mg/dl) . These results suggest that although a long-term swimming program can increase maximal aerobic capacity, favorable changes in sernm lipids or lipoproteins can not be expected for postmenopausal women.