Influence of orthodontic tooth movement on alveolar bone morphology and bone mineral density / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Some patients appear to have loose teeth and alveolar abnormalities during orthodontic treatment, and to some extent, the probability of periodontal disease has increased. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of orthodontic tooth movement on alveolar bone morphology and bone mineral density. METHODS:Sixty-two patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were enroled, including 34 males and 28 female, aged from 16 to 30 years. After 6 months of orthodontic treatment, cone-beam CT scanning was used to detect the bone mineral density in anterior tooth, posterior tooth and incisor alveolar regions of the maxila and mandible as wel as the alveolar space between bilateral central incisors and lateral incisors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 6 months of orthodontic treatment, al the patients had strong teeth with no abnormal mobility. The gums were healthy and pink, and the texture was tough and inactive, with no bleeding during probing. There was no difference in the bone mineral density of maxilary alveolar bone with different alveolar spaces before and 6 months after orthodontic treatment (P > 0.05). However, the bone mineral density in the same alveolar space was reduced significantly after 6 months of treatment (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density of the maxilary and mandibular alveolar bone was varied consistently. In addition, the bone mineral density of the maxilary alveolar bone was significantly higher than that of the mandibular alveolar bone both before and after orthodontic treatment (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that under orthodontic treatment, the bone mineral density of the maxilary alveolar bone may be higher than that of the mandibular alveolar bone, but there is no effect on orthodontic results as wel as the morphology and health of alveolar bone.